Risk Management Flashcards
The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) uses redundant systems, each of which uses highly reliable components. System A has a probability of failure of 0.05, the redundant system B has a probability of failure of 0.03, and a common component in both systems has a probability of failure of 0.015.
What is the probability that both system A and system B fail?
0.015 ; Common mode/cause failure (CCF).
_
Since the Propability that a common component failing is 0.015, the propability that the redundant system will fail
cannot be any less than 0.015.
Risk impact assemssment factors would likely include:
Cost, schedule and functionallity
(III - 2/4)
What risk management technique lies outside of the execution phase of the risk management process?
Risk Planning
III - 4
Which of hazards would be considered as having the greatest hazard level?
Marginal/ frequent
Marginal severity with frequent occurence (I
III -23/30)
Hazard analysis on heat transfer problems such as: heat absorption, combustion, electrical losses, or equipment degeneration can be solved via which specific techique?
Energy analysis
III - 23/26
Which of the following standards addresses safety of machinery?
IEC 61310
III - 49
What technique is preferred for investigation into product failures that are not repairable once initiated?
FTA
( III - 8)
In the case of a common mode failure:
One event can cause single or multiple systems to fail
(III - 21)
A form of mechanical hazard would be:
Pinching
III - 26
A Failure modes and effect analysis is a method to analyze a system, subsystem, a part or a process for all potential failures modes. The failure modes will be prioritized and reduced to acceptable levels.
The best benefits for FMEA analysis comes:
Early in the design cycle
(III - 13/17)
What does the Japanese concept of poka-yoke mean?
Mistake proofing (II - 74 und 81)
What is the primary purpose of a failure mode, effect and criticality analysis (FMECA)
To dermine, by extensive analysis, the realiability of an item
(III - 13/17)
Risk management programs are often developed to
Safe Recources
(III - 35)
When considering reducing human errors using devices which of the following is considered accepted practice?
Green is normal condition and red is an abnormal condition
III - 56
The descision to establish controls for product testing only during the acceptance testing step of the project is a form of risk management known as …
Risk acceptance or assumption
(III - 4)
The nuclear reactor failure at Chernobyl USSR is an example of …
A number of common mode failures
III - 22
What is the verification that a safety system meets the requirements of a standard?
Compliance
III - 42/43
A risk anaylsis method using modeling simulations would be considered a:
Monte Carlo method (III - 31/32)
A company has a problem with damage to fragile assemblies during component handling and parts storage.
Which of the following is the best way to detect the cause of this problem?
Perform a fault-tree analysis
III - 7/8
A failure verified as peculiar to an item design, that will not enter to the operational
inventory is a:
Non-relevant failure
(III - 27/30)
Taking out an insurance policy for medical cost is one way of risk:
Transference
(III - 55)
Actions in the risk managment continous process consist of:
Accepting, mitigating or transferring the risk (III - 2/4)
Risk analysis planning should:
Start at the risk handling phase
(III - 3 und 29/30)
The most applicable reference on risk management can be found in:
ISO/FDIS 31’000
III - 5 und 49
In what risk managment process phase would reaction modles and decision analysis fall?
Risk analysis
III - 4
In the area of risk assessment, hazard severity categories are used to provide a measure of the seriousness involved.
A system failure causing major environmental damage would be classified as:
Critical
III - 27/2
The assessment of product development risk usually occurs during what design review phase?
Concept Development (III - 39)
A piece of equipment will fail as an “or” function of three components. The components have propabilities of failure of 0.07, 0.03 and 0.12.
What is the propability that the system will fail?
P(system failure) =
1 - (1-(P comp 1 fail)(1-(P comp 2 fail))(1-(Pccomp 3 fail))
=> 0.206
An FTA logic symbol with the letter m in the middle represents:
The output event if m of n input events occur
Safety label consturction components would include which of the following
A Signal-word or safety message
A propability failure likelyhood of remote is commonly reffered to as level:
Remote failures applies to level D (III - 19)
In the United States the National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) investigates accidents in aviation,
highway, marine, pipeline and railroad modes. From a risk standpoint the intent of the NTSB investigations are to:
Determine the cause and issue safety recommendations aimed at preventig future accidents
Using the work break down structure to simulate areas of risk is part of what risk managment processs phase?
Risk analysis (III - 3)
After risks have been analyzed the next logical steps are:
Risk planning, tracking and control (III - 3)
If an automotive manufacturer chooses not to participate in the development of battery
operated vehicles, then they are committing what type of risk?
Operational
(III - &)
The second step in the risk management continous process is:
Analyze
III - 3
For a new product, potential risks have been identified and analyzed. This information should then be used to:
Plan, control and mitigate the risks (III - 3)
The U.S. Federal government passed a law which took effet in 1968, requiring all vehicles, except buses to have seat belts for all seating positions. Most States now require seat belt use. This is an example of
mitigation of:
Safety risk (III - 54/57)
A jet airplan reported simultaneous loss of control of both the rudder and the ailerons. Assuming the airplan uses a fly-by-wire control system, this is an example of:
Common mode failure (III - 21/22)
An automobile has a history of radiator leaks due to corrosion. The same car was found to have engine failure due to overheating that increased with the age of the vehicla. This is an example of:
Common mode failure (III - 21/22)
The risk handling technique that seeks to eliminate an adverse risk is:
Avoidance (III - 4)
What is the top priority for risk control activities?
Use inherently safe designs (III - 29)
In product safe and liability the term residual risk:
Must be presented to the user (III - 44)
In the risk identification process, which method is best at veryfying assumptions?
Assumption analysis (III - 3/4)
Deciding to use system modules requiring new technological breakthrough components instead of widely-use standard modules is considered what potential risk?
Product Development (III - 6)
One way to combat common mode failures is with:
The use of system component redundancy (III - 21)
Which of the following is a risk assessment method?
PRAT (product reliability acceptance testing) technique (III - 32)
Absolute liability:
Implies that just the occurence of an injury is evidence that the manufacturer was negligent (III - 43)
What technique is preferred for investigation into product failures that are not repairable once initiated?
FRA (III - 8)
Identify the burn hazards from the option below
Chemical (III - 26)
Product safety conformance programs provide which of the following
A Process for designing, assembling and delivering safe products (III-40/48)
The european Union (EU) has issued Directives for many products. For products covered by the directive ..
Goals are onverted to laws which must be met (III - 43)
Who is responsible for the risk management of a project?
the project manager (III - 5)
Human factors are important reliability design considerations for which of the following reasons?
Conditions such as lighting and heating influence performance (III-55/56 and 32)
Household refrigerators pose a hazard to individuals, especially children, if they are trapped inside. A law passed in the united states requiring devices to permit the opening of the refrigerator from the inside
falls under the jurisdiction of the:
Consumer Product Safety Act (CPSA) 0f 1972
A risk analysis based on the propability of occurence on a project would be considered:
A qualitative analysis
The last step in the design phase would be:
Field test and validate the system
When there is a bank of dials to be read on a monitoring panel, it helps to orient them in which of the following arrangements?
All normal indication positions in a pattern so that normal readings are in the 9 oclock or 12 oclock positions.
in addition to technical and safety risks to a product, there may also be a risk due to:
Financial resources
What is most required when assessing the selection of component parts?
What are the associated risks?
What is the primary purpose of a failure mode, effect and criticality analysis (FMECA)
To determine the way an item will most likely fail and to help obtain design safeguards.
In the riks identification process, which method is best at veryfying assumptions
Assumption analysis
Uncertainty in determining risk can be affected by:
changes in product development requirements, variablity in the skills of project personnel and varying accuracy of measurement data
Which of the following is typically created during product desing?
Safety features and product reliability
FMEA/FMECA would be performed over FTA when:
The identification of all possible failure nodes is important
What type of risk is involved when software fails to be upgraded?
Supportabiöity
The risk handling technique that seeks to eliminate adverse risk is:
Avoidance
When there is a bank of dials to be read on a monitoring panel, it helps to orient them in which one of the following arrangements?
All normals indication position in a pattern so that normal radings are in the 9 oclock or 12 oclock position
Risk analysis planning should:
Identify associated contingency plans
What risk management technique lies outside of the execution phase of the risk management process?
Risk planning
