Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

implants > risk factors & contraindications > Flashcards

risk factors & contraindications Flashcards

1
Q

What is a risk factor?

A

Something which increases a person’s chances of developing a disease, injury or infection.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the difference between systemic and local risk factors?

A

Systemic risk factors affect multiple organs, systems, tissues or the entire body whereas local risk factors originate/are confined to 1 system or area of the body.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is a contraindication?

A

Any condition which may impact the outcome of treatment.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the difference between a relative and absolute contraindication?

A

Relative contraindications may increase the risk of complications whereas absolute contraindications mean that under no circumstances is implant therapy advised.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Name some systemic risk factors for implant therapy.

A
  1. Immunodeficiency
  2. Immunosuppressants
  3. Bleeding Disorders
  4. Chemotherapy
  5. Irradiated Bone
  6. Osteoporosis
  7. Diabetes
  8. Heavy Smoking
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Why are immunosuppressive drugs a relative contraindication?

A

Reduce bone density so may compromise osseointegration and peri-implant healing.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Why are organ transplant patients at relative risk?

A

As they have an increased risk of postoperative infections.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is coagulopathy?

A

When the blood’s ability to clot is impaired.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Why do bleeding disorders and anticoagulants pose a relative risk?

A

Can lead to excessive bleeding.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

How might chemotherapy impact implant surgery?

A

The pt will have reduced healing capacity so this poses a risk for post surgical complications.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Name some side effects of chemotherapy on the oral cavity.

A
  • xerostomia
  • taste changes
  • sensitivity
  • gingival bleeding
  • ulcerations
  • mucositis
  • infections (herpetic, bacterial, fungal)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are the immediate and long term risks of placing implants in a patient who has had head/neck radiation?

A

Immediate: osteoradionecrosis.

Long Term: high failure rate.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are 2 consequences of head and neck radiation?

A
  1. Induces vascular fibrosis and thrombosis.
  2. Chronic non-healing wounds.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Which type of treatment can be considered to improve wound healing and osseointegration in patients who have undergone h&n radiation?

A

Hyperbaric Oxygen Treatment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Define osteoporosis.

A

Generalised reduction in bone mass.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Which medication can be used to treat osteoporosis?

A

Bisphosphinates (antiresorptive drug).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Name 4 oral complications of diabetes.

A
  1. xerostomia
  2. increased levels of salivary glucose
  3. risk of caries
  4. risk of periodontitis
18
Q

Smoking increases the risk of implant failure by how many times in comparison to non smokers?

A

twice

19
Q

What impact can smoking have on bone loss after implant placement?

A

More marginal bone loss can be seen.

20
Q

Name 4 local risk factors associated with implant therapy.

A
  1. Poor OH
  2. Periodontitis
  3. Oral Mucosal Diseases
  4. Bruxism
21
Q

What impact does periodontal disease have on alveolar bone height and therefore implant prognosis?

A

Periodontal disease reduces the remaining bone height, meaning there is limited available bone for the placement of implants, decreasing the prognosis.

22
Q

Untreated periodontal disease increases the risk of which other condition following implant placement?

A

Peri-implantitis

23
Q

What is the success rate when placing implants in patients with Sjögren’s Syndrome, Epidermolysis Bullosa and Lichen Planus and what does this depend on?

A

High overall success rate.

Depends on:
1. Severity of the disease
2. Medical Complications

24
Q

What mechanical and technical complications can bruxism cause for implants?

A
  1. Screw Loosening
  2. Screw and abutment fracture
  3. Prosthesis Fracture
  4. Ceramic Chipping
25
Q

Which type of contraindication is insufficient bone volume?

A

Relative

26
Q

Why is insufficient bone volume only a relative contraindication?

A

Because techniques have been developed for bone grafting and augmentation.

27
Q

Which type of contraindication is periodontitis?

A

Relative

28
Q

Why might periodontitis be a potential contraindication for implant placement?

A

Cross Infection to Implants
As active sites may act as reservoirs for pathogenic organisms that might infect implant sites.

29
Q

What is the general guidance for placing implants in a site containing a retained root?

A

The RR should be removed prior to placement.

UNLESS

The gingival and bone health around the root are sound and therefore removal at the time of the implant can be considered.

30
Q

What potential complication could placing an implant in an infected site have?

A

Infection will compromise osseointegration.

31
Q

What kind of impact would a chronic endodontic infection have on the implant site?

A

May result in inflammatory bone resorption which may see the residual bone volume be insufficient to house an implant/

32
Q

Which other sites should be assessed for infection/pathology prior to implant placement?

A

The adjacent teeth.

33
Q

What kind of impact can excessive alcohol intake have on the body?

A

Increases the likelihood of poor nutritional intake and therefore reduces the ability to heal.

34
Q

In what way might alcohol impact the implant procedure?

A
  • Interference with pre and postoperative medications.
  • Impacts pt ability to comply with post op hygiene.
35
Q

What considerations need to be made with regards to a pts age?

A

Should not be placed until growth/development are complete.

36
Q

What may happen if an implant is placed in an immature patient?

A

It may become infraoccluded.

37
Q

Is old age a contraindication in implant surgery?

A

No - elderly people are not contraindicated but may present with conditions which are.

38
Q

With regards to the ASA classification system, which patients would be considered as unsuitable for implant placement?

A
  1. ASA 5 patients (near death)
  2. ASA 6 (brain dead)
39
Q

Are patients currently being treated with high dose intravenous bisphosphinates candidates for implant therapy?

A

No as the MRONJ risk associated with this procedure is considered to be the same as XLA on these patients.

40
Q

Name 6 other absolute contraindications.

A
  1. High dose radiation at the area of implantation.
  2. Active chemotherapy.
  3. High-dose immunosuppressive therapy.
  4. Osseous disorders.
  5. Allergy to materials (titanium).
  6. Lack of compliance.

implants (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions