implant anatomy Flashcards
Which 2 paired bones make up the maxilla?
- Maxillary Bone
- Palatine Bone
The maxillary bone is shaped like a pyramid and is composed of 4 processes. What are these?
- Frontal Process
- Palatine Process
- Zygomatic Process
- Alveolar Process
Where do the palatine processes fuse?
At the intermaxillary suture.
Which 2 parts of the maxilla can be used for local bone harvesting?
Anterior Nasal Spine
and
Maxillary Tuberosity
Which foramen forms the exterior opening of the infraorbital canal and transmits infraorbital vessels and nerve to the face?
Infraorbital Foramen
What is the maxillary hiatus?
The opening from the maxillary sinus into the nasal cavity.
What are sinus septa?
Barriers of cortical bone which divide the sinus into 2 or more compartments.
Where is the incisive foramen located?
Immediately behind the central incisors.
What size would the incisive foramen have to be to indicate pathology?
> 10mm
Which two structures does the incisive canal carry?
The nasopalatine nerve and descending nasopalatine artery.
How far below the infraorbital rim is the infraorbital canal located?
6-9mm
Which is the only mobile bone of the skeleton?
The Mandible
At what age do the hemimandibles fuse in humans?
2 years old
Due to resorption of the alveolar process, where can the mental foramen be located in edentulous patients?
In the upper 1/3 of the mandible or crest of the ridge.
In children, where is the mental foramen located?
In the lower 1/3 of the mandible.
Where is the digastric fossa located?
Lateral to the inferior mental spines.
Where does the mandibular canal start?
At the mandibular foramen.
Which structure does the mandibular canal end with?
The Anterior Loop
Where does the mandibular incisive canal start from?
The anterior loop, extends towards the midline.
What 3 factors does the position of the mental foramen depend on?
- Age
- Race
- Degree of Edentulism
Which 3 structures should be considered when placing implants in the anterior mandible.
- Mental Foramina
- Anterior Loops
- Mandibular Incisive Canals
Where is the blood supply to the face derived from?
Carotid Arteries (internal and external)
Which 3 branches of the external carotid artery are responsible for blood supply to the maxillary and mandibular region?
- Lingual Artery
- Facial Artery
- Maxillary Artery
Which 2 branches does the lingual artery divide into?
- Dorsal
- Sublingual
Which 3 regions of the face does the MAXILLARY artery supply?
- Mandible
- Maxilla
- Palate
Which 2 branches of the maxillary artery supply the mandible?
(think blocks)
- Inferior Alveolar Artery
- Mental Artery
Which 3 branches of the maxillary artery supply the maxilla?
- Posterior Superior Alveolar Artery
- Infraorbital Artery
- Buccal Artery
Which 2 branches of the maxillary artery supply the palate?
- Descending Palatine Artery
- Greater and Lesser Palatine Arteries
Which veins can infection spread along from the canine fossa to the cavernous sinus of the brain.
Angular and Opthalmic Veins
How can the lingual artery be damaged?
What does this cause?
By perforation on the lingual aspect of the mandible.
Causes a haemorrhage in the floor of the mouth.
Name the 3 divisions of the Trigeminal Nerve?
- Opthalmic - sensory to orbit.
- Maxillary - sensory to nasomaxillary complex.
- Mandibular - sensory / motor to mandible and masticatory muscles.
What are the 3 branches of the maxillary nerve?
- Nasopalatine Nerve
- Zygomatic Nerve
- Infraorbital Nerve
