history & science behind implants Flashcards
What are the 5 potential options for the edentulous space?
- No treatment
- Removable partial dentures (conventional/complex)
- Bridgework
- Overdentures
- Implants
Name 4 advantages for Removable Partial Dentures.
- Cheap
- Easy to construct.
- Aesthetic.
- Removable but easily maintained.
Name 4 disadvantages of Removable Partial Dentures.
- Increased levels of dental plaque.
- Increased risk of dental caries and periodontal diseases.
- Lack of retention.
- Trauma to underlying tissues.
What are 4 disadvantages for removable partial dentures?
- Greater plaque accumulation.
- Increased gingival inflammation.
- Candidiasis.
- Increase in caries/root caries.
Reasons for missing teeth:
- Tooth Loss:
- caries
- endo failure
- perio disease
- trauma - Congenitally absent.
Why replace missing teeth?
- Aesthetic Improvement
- Avoids social stigma associated with tooth loss.
- Improve function.
- Improve speech.
- Space maintenance.
4 indications for fixed bridges:
- Short edentulous spans (1-2 missing teeth).
- Replacement of an existing bridge.
- Crowned abutment tooth.
- Sound abutment tooth.
Name 3 advantages for a resin bonded bridge.
- Fixed restoration.
- Minimal preparation required.
- Good aesthetics.
What are 2 disadvantages of a resin bonded bridge?
- Bond Failure
- Greying of the abutment tooth.
What are 5 indications for a removable partial denture?
- Long edentulous space.
- Multiple missing teeth on both sides of the arch.
- Transition to complete dentures.
- Immediate replacement for teeth.
What are 2 advantages for conventional bridges?
- Fixed restoration.
- Good aesthetics.
What are the 3 disadvantages for conventional bridges?
- Destructive
- Catastrophic Failure
- Difficult Maintenance
What are the 3 types of dental implant?
- Endosteal - root form or blade.
- Periosteal
- Transosteal - straight through the bone.
describes where they get their anchorage
What is an abutment tooth?
Tooth that a bridge is attached to.
What is the difference between a conventional and resin bonded bridge?
Conventional - crown the abutment and attach the bridge to it.
Resin Bonded - sound abutment tooth.
Describe the process of osseointegration.
- Haemostasis then coagulant resorbed.
- Inflammatory reaction.
- Bone resorption through osteoclastic action.
- Relate of growth factors.
- Attraction by chemotaxis of osteoprogenit or cells to the site
- Osteoprogenitor cells differentiate into osteoblasts.
- Bone deposition at the implant surface.
What is osseointegration?
The direct structural and functional connection between ordered, living bone and the surface of a load bearing implant.
connection between bone and material
Advantages of dental implants.
- Fixed restoration.
- Tooth for tooth replacement.
- Maintains alveolar bone.
- Improves denture retention/support.
- No prep of abutment teeth.
- Good aesthetics.
Disadvantages of dental implants.
- Surgical procedure.
- Technique sensitive.
- High cost.
- Significant maintenance requirements.
- Relies on availability of bone stock.
- Contraindicated for various co-morbidities
What are the 4 characteristics of implant design?
- Shape
- Length
- Diameter
- Surface Topography
Which type of implant is a contemporary dental implant?
Root form endosseous implants.
2 types of implant design shape.
Tapered Cylindrical - narrowed aped (useful for avoiding anatomy).
Parallel Cylindrical
3 descriptors of thread design:
- Shape
- Pitch
- Depth/width.
How does implant length vary?
Different implant lengths available varies with different manufacturers.
Why aren’t surface coatings used as much for surface topography anymore?
Because it was found that the coating came away and caused titanium exposure, peri-implantitis and therefore implant failure.
What size tepe brush should be advised for use on patients with implants?
Blue or red as a minimum.
