RISE OF THE NAZIS Flashcards
When was the Munich Putsch?
1923
When did Mussolini take over Italy?
October 1923
Why did the Munich Putsch fail?
Not enough support, lack of planning and relied too much on the support of Ludendorff
Positives of Munich Putsch?
Minimum sentence, wrote Mein Kampf
Anti Democracy
Blame on November Criminals
Anti communism
Nationalism
Rejection of Treaty of Versailles
Land restoration- Lebensraum
Socialist aspect of the Nazis
anti-capitalist
eg wanted nationalisation of businesses
What was the state of the Nazi party at the beginning of the 1920’s?
In disarray- Weimar golden years brought political and economic calm
Nazi organisations (4)
Hitler Youth
The Nazi Teachers Association
The Union of Nazi Lawyers
The Order of German Women
May 1926 elections- what % of the vote did the Nazis get?
2.6%- disappointment
1932 unemployment levels
5.6 million
Evidence that there were weaknesses in Germany’s economy before the Depression?
Unequal balance in trade
Finances in deficit
By how much did the Young Plan reduce reparations?
1/4 of 1929 sum
When did the IARP develop the Young Plan?
1929
Why was the Young Plan opposed?
Right wing nationalists saw it as a betrayal of national interest
What law did the National Opposition make, denouncing reparations?
The Law against the Enslavement of the German People
Membership of the NSDAP after the success of the Nuremberg rallies?
130,000
Failures of Brüning
Worsened economy by reducing demand
Impact of Papen ending SA ban
Increase in street violence
86 people died in street fights in July
Failure of Schleicher
Failed to split the Nazis
Alienated both trade unions and big businesses
Reasons for the death of Weimar democracy
Opposition from key figures on society eg businesses rejected the democratic republic
Economic problems like reparations, welfare
Limited base of popular support
Appeals of Nazism (2)
Lack of faith in the Weimar system
‘Politics of anxiety’ (believed their status was under threat)
Appeal of Nazism to the young
Saw Nazism as a change
SA activities gave them something to do
Nazi political methods (3)
Propaganda
Unifying themes and scapegoats
Violence
Propaganda
Led by Josef Goebbels
Different forms for different groups, eg farmers offered special agricultural benefits
Used mass suggestion, eg uniforms, flags
Unifying themes
Presented Hitler as a Messiah-like figure
Volksgemeinschaft
Played on Nationalism
Scapegoats
November Criminals
Communists
Jews- long established history of anti-semitism in Germany
Violence
SA expanded- unemployment
Violence against opposition esp communists
Destabilised the political situation which played to their advantage
How many people were killed in street fights in July?
86
Under who did the Nazi’s have a majority in the Reichstag?
Von Papen
Nazi % of the vote by May 1928
2.6%
Nazi organisations set up in the 1920s
Hitler Youth
Order of German Women
The Nazi Teachers Association
Unemployment levels by 1932
5.6 million (or 1/3 of workers)
