Rise of Fascism in Italy Flashcards
When and who established the fascist state?
In 1919, established by Benito Mussolini
What was the March on Rome, October 1922?
The march on Rome was the protests led by the fascists. 50,000 black shirt men stormed the capital and occupied neighboring towns. Luigi Facta was prepared to resist but King Victor Emmanuel denied calling a declaration of national emergency and instead invited Mussolini to come to Rome and establish a new government which led to the development of the fascists party.
Trace the reasons why Mussolini was able to come to power
- Disillusionment and frustration amongst the people
1. Italy’s rewards after the war 2. Contempt for the parliament 3. Economic effects of the war - A wave of strikes from 1919 to 1922
- Mussolini attracted widespread support
- Lack of effective opposition
- The general strike of 1922
Why was the kings role important?
He made the crucial decision to not use the army to suppress the black shirts men. He did this because 1. he had no faith in facta 2. He was worried if the army had fascist sympathies and would not obey his orders 3. He feared a civil war if he could not quell the fascists.
State the steps taken by Mussolini to establish a fascist state
- All partied except the fascist were suppressed
- Constitutional changes
- Changes in the local government
- Censorship
- Education was supervised
- Employment policies
- Understanding with the papacy
What was the cooperate state?
The government tried to promote cooperation between the employers and the workers to end class warfare this was known as the cooperate state
What was the Lateran treaty of 1922?
Mussolini was aware of the influence of the roman catholic church and wanted to win over the pope. The Lateran treaty ensured that Vatican city was the sovereign state, a huge amount of money was paid to the pope and catholic faith would be the new religion.
What was Dopolavoro?
Dopolavoro was an after work organization which gave the Italian people something to do in their leisure time, tours, cruises. It also had control over sports organizations, theaters, dramatics societies, etc.
What was the battle of wheat?
The battle of wheat encouraged farmers to concentrate on wheat production as a part of the self sufficiency drive.
Why as Italy a dualist economy?
This is because the north was very industrial and prosperous but the south was poverty stricken and backwards.
