Colonial Economy

Question 1

Who introduced the permanent settlement?

Answer 1

1793, Charles Cornwallis to replace the previous farming systems introduced in Bengal and Bihar.

Question 2

Features of the permanent settlement

Answer 2

• Zamindars were the landlords, ownership was hereditary.
• revenue was fixed and land was auctioned off.
• 10/11th for government and 1/10th for Zamindars
• patta.
• Cultivators were deprived of basic customary rights.

Question 3

Who introduced the forest charter?

Answer 3

Lord Dalhousie, he thought that they could regulate wasteland by making forests government property.

Question 4

Name the two forest acts-

Answer 4

• The indian forests acts of 1865\

- the forest act of 1878

Question 5

Who was the first inspector general of forests?

Answer 5

Dietrich Brandis

Question 6

What was the indian forest act of 1865

Answer 6

Started by the imperial forest department thought they could control land with the help of Brandis. It gave the government power to appropriate anything with trees a s government forests and also regulated the movement of forest dwellers.

Question 7

What was the forest act of 1878

Answer 7

• This act was more comprehensive.
• It removed concessions and rights that the local communities had one forests.
• Forests were categorised into- reserved, protected and forests.
• There was no accesibility to reserved and protected.
• Several fines and rules were imposed.

Question 8

What was the land acquisition act of 1894?

Answer 8

Gave the government power to acquire any private land.

Question 9

What impact did it have on the local communities?

Answer 9

The rural communities suffered most and were denied basic rights and were now aliens to sate property. They started protests and revolts against the authorities.