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Spanish Wine Scholar 2024-25 > Rioja > Flashcards

Rioja Flashcards

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1
Q

Wines have been produced in Rioja for 3,000 years since which group inhabited the Iberian Peninsula?

A

The Phoenicians

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2
Q

DOCa Rioja production area covers all of the La Rioja autonomous community. True or False?

A

FALSE

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3
Q

In which century was the Real Sociedad Económica de Cosecheros de Rioja created to protect Rioja’s reputation?

A

18th century (1787)

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4
Q

Which two men had the greatest influence over Rioja’s wine industry in the 19th century?

A

Marqués de Murrieta
Marqués de Riscal

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5
Q

La Rioja is Spain’s second smallest autonomous region. True or False?

A

TRUE (The Balearic Islands are the smallest)

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6
Q

What are the three zones of DOCa Rioja?

A

Rioja Alavesa
Rioja Alta
Rioja Oriental

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7
Q

What are three topographical features that affect the climate of Rioja?

A

Mountain ranges (Sierra de la Demanda, Sierra de Cameros, Sierra de Cantabria)
the Ebro River
the northern coast (Bay of Biscay)

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8
Q

Why is La Rioja called the Zone of Seven Valleys?

A

There are seven tributaries which flow from the Sistema Ibérico into the Ebro River

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9
Q

What is the name of the north/northwestern wind that affects Rioja?

A

Cierzo

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10
Q

What are the three primary soil types in DOCa Rioja?

A

Calcareous clay
ferrous clay
alluvium

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11
Q

Tempranillo, which is native to the Ebro River Valley, has always been king in Rioja. True or False?

A

FALSE (historically, Garnacha Tinta was dominant)

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12
Q

Name the three common blending partners of Tempranillo in Rioja.

A

Garnacha Tinta
Mazuelo (Cariñena)
Graciano

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13
Q

Chardonnay, Sauvignon Blanc, and Verdejo are authorized grapes for Rioja vino blanco. True or False?

A

TRUE

Plus Six Others

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14
Q

What is “vara y pulgar?”

A

Stick and Thumb Pruning
Alternates from year to year

Vara = Stick (Cane)
Pulgar = Thumb (Spur)

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15
Q

What are “cosecheros?”

A

Grape growers who produce a young red wine using a method similar to semi-carbonic maceration

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16
Q

For vino tinto, if whole bunches are used, a minimum of 95% of red grapes must be used. True or False?

A

FALSE (the minimum is 85%)

(95% if Destemmed)

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17
Q

What percentage of red varieties must be used in the production of vino rosado?

A

Min. of 25%

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18
Q

Which DOCa Rioja zone is the smallest?

A

Rioja Alavesa

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19
Q

Which DOCa Rioja zone has the most diverse soil makeup?

A

Rioja Alta

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20
Q

Which DOCa Rioja zone is the warmest and driest?

A

Rioja Oriental

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21
Q

What are three requirements regarding the use of oak if a wine is to be labeled Crianza, Reserva, or Gran Reserva?

A

1) 225-liter barrel
2) no oak chips or staves
3) time in oak must not be interrupted

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22
Q

What is the regulated minimum time in bottle and time in barrel for a vino tinto Gran Reserva in Rioja?

A

24 months in each

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23
Q

What is the minimum time before release for a Rioja Reserva vino blanco or vino rosado?

A

24 months

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24
Q

What is the name of the Rioja wine label “security system?”

A

Rioja Trustseal

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25
Q

For a wine to be considered “Viñedos Singulares,” the vines must be at least how old?

A

35 years

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26
Q

For a wine to be considered as “Viñedos Singulares,” yields should be what percentage lower than standard yields?

A

At least 20%

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27
Q

For “Vinos de Municipio,” what percentage of grapes may come from a neighboring village?

A

Up to 15%

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28
Q

For “Espumosos de Calidad de Rioja,” what is the lees aging time for the Reserva category?

A

24 months

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29
Q

For “Espumosos de Calidad de Rioja,” which three sweetness categories are authorized?

A

Brut Nature
Extra Brut
Brut

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30
Q

A Rioja sparkling wine labeled “Gran Añada” must have a minimum of how many months sur-lie?

A

36 months

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31
Q

Gran Añada sparkling wines are vintage only. True or False?

A

TRUE

32
Q

What three mountain ranges affect the climate of Rioja?

A

Sierra de la Demanda
Sierra de Cameros
Sierra de Cantabria

Can’t Demand Cameros

33
Q

What is the Captial of Rioja?

A

Logroño

34
Q

When did Rioja become an autonomous region?

A

1982

35
Q

When did Rioja gain DOCa status?

A

1991

36
Q

Key years in Rioja (5)?

A

1925 - DO
1926 - Consejo Regulador
1980 - Named Rioja (was Logrono)
1982 - Became Autonomous
1991 - DOCa

37
Q

When was Rioja recognized as a DO?

A

DO in 1925

Consejo Regulador in 1926

38
Q

What Rioja zone is completely within Pais Vasco?

A

Alavesa

39
Q

What Rioja zone is shared with Navarra?

A

Oriental

40
Q

What is the only zone of Rioja that is entirely within the borders of La Rioja?

A

Alta

41
Q

Where is the Oja Valley?

A

Alta zone of Rioja

One of seven valley tributaries to the Ebro

42
Q

What regions surround Rioja?

A

Pias Vasco - NE
Navarra - NE
Aragon - SE
Castilla y Leon - S & E

43
Q

What is the highest peak in Rioja?

A

Monte San Lorenzo
(In Sierra de la Demanda)

44
Q

Where does the Ebro originate?

A

Cantabria

45
Q

What are the seven valleys of Rioja?

A

JAN COIL

Jubera
Alhama
Najerilla
Cidacos
Oja
Iregua
Leza

46
Q

What is the most predominate soil of Rioja?

A

Alluvium
(Oriental, riverbed)

47
Q

What is the most widely planted grape of Rioja (W,R,Rose)?

A

Viura (Macabeo) - White
Tempranillo - Red
Garnacha - Rosado

Garnacha was previously the #1 Red

48
Q

How many grapes are allowed for Rioja Blanco?

A

One to all Nine

49
Q

What Rioja zone does garnacha dominate?

A

Oriental (the warmest zone)

50
Q

What is the order of events for Cosecheros?

A

Whole Grapes>
Vat/Wood>
Burst>
Alcohol Ferm.>
Foot Tramp.>
Filter>
Bottled

51
Q

What Rioja zone is well-known for coscheros?

A

Rioja Alavesa

52
Q

What are the Authorized White Grapes of Rioja?

A

Viura (Macabeo)
Garnacha Blanca
Tempranillo Blanco
Verdejo
Chard
Sav Blanc

Turruntés de Rioja (Albillo Mayor)
Maturana Blanca
Malvasia de Rioja

53
Q

What is the most historic zone of Rioja?

A

Alta

54
Q

What zone of Rioja has the largest vineyard plantings?

A

Alta

55
Q

What is the hottest zone of Rioja?

A

Oriental (also lowest elevation)

56
Q

What is Barrio de la Estación?

A

An enclave of Haro with a high concentration of Rioja’s oldest wineries.

57
Q

What is a synonym for mazuelo?

A

Cariñena

58
Q

What is the minimum red grape(s) used if:

  1. Destemmed
  2. Whole Cluster
A
  1. Destemmed Min. 95%
  2. Whole Cluster Min. 85%
59
Q

What are the four ageing “levels” of Rioja?

A

-Generico
-Crianza
-Reserva
-Gran Reserva

60
Q

What are the requirements for the ageing “levels” of Rioja?

A

-225l Barrels (No chips or staves)
-Time Uniterrupted
-Blanco and Rosado MUST have
approval from Consejo Regulador

-if white added:
Destemmed Max 5%
Whole Cluster Max 15%

61
Q

What does Generico guarantee?

A

Vintage and Origin Only

62
Q

What are the ageing req. for Rioja Tinto Crianza?

A

Released Third Year
12 Months Oak
“0” Bottle

12-0-3(6)

63
Q

What are the ageing req. for Rioja Tinto Reserva?

A

36 Total Months
12 Months Oak
6 Months Bottle

12-6-36

64
Q

What are the ageing req. for Rioja Tinto Gran Reserva?

A

60 Total Months
24 Months Oak
24 Months Bottle

24-24-60

65
Q

What are the ageing req. for ALL Rioja Blanco and Rosado levels?

A

All = 6 Months Oak, 0 Bottle
Crianza = 0 Months Total
Reserva = 24 Months Total
Gran Reserva = 48 Months Total

66
Q

What percentage of Riojas fall into each “level”?

A

Generico 40%
Crianza 40%
Reserva 18%
Gran Reserva 2%

67
Q

What is Vinedos Singulares?

A

Single Vineyard Wine Classification (2017)

68
Q

What are the req. for Vinedos Sinulares?

A

Single Vineyard
10 Year Contract
Hand Harvested
Production Traceability
Yields at least 20% Lower than DOCa
35 Year Old Vines

69
Q

What is a Vino de Municipo?

A

“Village” wine (1999)

70
Q

What are the req. for Vino de Municipo?

A

Winery must be from stated Village
Min. 85% from stated Village (Max. 15% other)
10 Year Contract
Production Traceability

71
Q

What is a Vino de Zona?

A

Wine from one of the Rioja zones (1998)
Min. 85% from stated Zone (Max. 15% other)
10 Year Contract
Production Traceability
Alavesa and Alta are most common

72
Q

What is the sparkling wine of Rioja designation name?

A

Espumosos de Calidad de Rioja (2017)

73
Q

What are the requirements for Espumosos de Rioja?

A

All authorized grapes are allowed
11-13% ABV
Trad. Method
Rose = Min. 25% Red Grapes
Min. 15 Months Sur Lie

Min. 24 = Reserva
Min. 36 + Vintage = Gran Anada

74
Q

How much Rioja is tinto?

A

90%

75
Q

What are the climates of Rioja?

A

Continental w/ some Maritime in
Alta and Alavesa

Continental w/some Mediterraean in
Orietnal

76
Q

What is Valles de Sadacia?

A

VT (Vino de la Tierra) of Rioja
White Only
Based on two Moscatels and others

77
Q

What are the two wine regions of La Rioja?

A

Rioja DOCa
Valles de Sadacia VT

Spanish Wine Scholar 2024-25 (11 decks)

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