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Spanish Wine Scholar 2024-25 > Andalucía > Flashcards

Andalucía Flashcards

1
Q

Why did Sherry producers develop the criaderas y soleras system in the 18th Century?

A

To manage a surplus of wine from multiple generous harvests, to create a more consistent product

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2
Q

What is the climate of Andalucía?

A

Mediterranean with maritime (Atlantic) influences

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3
Q

Which two winds impact the Sherry region?

A

Levante
Poniente

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4
Q

Name the important soil found largely in DO Jerez-Xérès-Sherry.

A

Albariza

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5
Q

What is albariza soil called in DO Montilla-Moriles?

A

Albero

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6
Q

Which three grape varieties are authorized in the Sherry region?

A

Palomino Fino
Pedro Ximénez
Moscatel

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7
Q

Name the traditional pruning method used in Sherry vineyards.

A

Vara y pulgar (stick and thumb)

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8
Q

Why is Palomino Fino the perfect blank canvas for Sherry aging?

A

It ripens with low sugar and low acid, resulting in low alcohol base wines

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9
Q

Sherry producers can legally purchase Pedro Ximénez base wines from DO Montilla-Moriles for aging in the region. True or False?

A

TRUE

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10
Q

Moscatel de Alejandría is used for only sweet wines in Andalucía. True or False?

A

FALSE

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11
Q

What is the term for the “first press” of juice for Sherry which is typically used for Olorosos?

A

Segunda yema

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12
Q

After alcoholic fermentation of Palomino wines, what alcohol level typically results?

A

11-12%

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13
Q

Is alcoholic fermentation of base Sherry wines typically carried out by indigenous or cultured yeasts?

A

Indigenous yeasts

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14
Q

Sherry base wines with distinct paleness and finesse are destined to be Olorosos. True or False?

A

FALSE (They become Fino or Manzanilla)

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15
Q

What alcohol level are wines destined to be Fino fortified to?

A

15-15.5%

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16
Q

How long does it take flor’s food supply to be depleted when using biological aging?

A

12-18 months

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17
Q

Why must Oloroso Sherries be fortified to at least 17%?

A

Acetobacter bacteria are inhibited which restricts the growth of flor

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18
Q

What is the term for a tier (level) of a solera?

A

Criadera

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19
Q

What type of oak is a “botega butt” and how big is it?

A

American oak, 159 gal/600 l

20
Q

What is the Spanish word for “chamomile”?

A

Manzanilla

21
Q

What is the term for a Sherry that is “naturally made” with only light filtering?

A

En rama

22
Q

Which type of Sherry goes through largely the same process as an Amontillado?

A

Palo Cortado

23
Q

Which blended sherry is created by combining Fino/Manzanilla and RCGM?

A

Dry and Pale Cream

24
Q

Medium cream sherry is created by combining wich two components?

A

Amontillado with Moscatel, PX, or RCGM

25
Q

What is the minimun average age of a “Vinum Optimum Signatum” (VOS) Sherry?

A

20 years

26
Q

The “Vinos con Indicación de Edad” (Sherry Wines with Indication of Age) category applies to which four Sherry types?

A

Amontillado
Oloroso
Palo Cortado
Pedro Ximénez

27
Q

What is the “Marco de Jerez”?

A

The nine towns which comprise the two Sherry regions

28
Q

What is unique about areas labeled “Jerez Superior?”

A

Albariza soils

29
Q

What are the two primary grapes for vino dulce production in DO Málaga?

A

Pedro Ximénez
Moscatel de Alejandría/Málaga

30
Q

What is the name of the sandy topsoil atop clay subsoil in DO Montilla-Moriles?

A

Ruedos

31
Q

Name the grape drying process for sweet Pedro Ximénez in DO Montilla-Moriles.

A

Soleo or asoleado

32
Q

DO Málaga produces still dry wines. True or False?

A

FALSE (Still dry wines are produced in DO Sierras de Málaga)

33
Q

What are the mountain chains of Sistema Betico?

A

Cordillera…

Prebetica
Penibetica
Subbetica

34
Q

What two rivers flow through Sherry country?

A

Guadalete
Guadalquivir

35
Q

What is the northern mountain range of Andalucia?

A

Sierra Morena

36
Q

What are the ‘benefits’ of Albariza?

A

Reflects Sunlight

Retains Humidity

Stores Water from Rains

Creates Hard, Protective Crust

37
Q

What are two definitions of Albero?

A
  1. Sand flooring in Sherry Bodegas
  2. Local name for Albariza soil in Montilla-Moriles DO
38
Q

What is a synonym of Palamino Fino?

A

Listan Blanco

39
Q

What are four building features of Sherry Cathedrals?

A
  1. High Ceilings
  2. Thick, porous walls
  3. Outside painted white to reflect sun
  4. Albero floors (sand)
40
Q

What is the orientation and shape of sherry bodegas?

A

Rectangular in shape

Oriented on Northeast-Southwest Axis allowing for the Humid, westerly Poniente to enter while blocking the dry, easterly Levante

41
Q

What are the three pressings of Sherry?

A
  1. Primera Yama (Fino)
  2. Segunda Yama (Oloroso)
  3. Mosto Prensa (Distillation)
42
Q

What sherry pressing is only used for distillation?

A

Mosto Prensa

43
Q

What is mitad y mitad?

A

50/50 Blend of Distilled Spirit and mature sherry.

Used to fortify and possibly kill the flor

44
Q

What is the most abundant strain of yeast for flor?

A

Saccharomyces beticus

45
Q

What is the ageing minimum for biologically aged wines in Sherry?

A

2 Years

Fino and Manzanilla

Spanish Wine Scholar 2024-25 (12 decks)

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