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Ethics > Rights Ethics Approach > Flashcards

Rights Ethics Approach Flashcards

1
Q

What is Rights Ethics?

A

It is aimed at universality and proposes that every human being has ‘fundamental rights’ - Human Rights.

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2
Q

Define Rights.

A

Human rights are the products of moral, social and political agreements between Human beings.

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3
Q

What is the Rights Ethics stance?

A

At its essence, right are entitlements that are aimed at Universality.
They are concerned with an ideal world and can be legal/moral.

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4
Q

What are the x4 questions to be asked when viewing Rights?

A
  1. Who - is the alleged to have the ‘right.’
  2. What - actions or objects do the ‘rights’ pertain to?
  3. Why - does the rights holder have the ‘right’?
  4. How - the ‘right’ can be affected by the actions of the right holder.
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5
Q

What are the x2 components that make up Rights at their most simple?

A
  1. Form - The internal structure of the right - constitutional, international
  2. Structure - What does the right do for those who have them?
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6
Q

Give and Explain a Historical Example of Rights.

A

Magna Carta 1215
Founding document for a national constitution which formed the template for basic rights of citizens. King John met Barons @ Runnymede. Great Charter of Liberties’ was drafted by the Archbishop of Canterbury to ‘guarantee freedoms.’

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7
Q
A
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8
Q

What x3 things did John Locke propose all humans have the ‘right’ to?

A
  1. Life
  2. Liberty
  3. Property - referring to Intellect
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9
Q

List x2 Modern Examples of Rights.

A
  1. U.S. Constitution - Declaration of Independence (The right to bear arms, religious freedom, free speech)
  2. S.A. Constitution
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10
Q

What was developed in 1948 regarding Human Rights?

A

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights adopted by General Assembly of The United Nations.

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11
Q

What x2 purposes does The Universal Declaration of Human Rights serve?

A
  1. Foundation of freedom, justice and peace in the world.
  2. Recognises inherent dignity and equal and inalienable rights of all member of the human race.
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12
Q

Name x4 Civil and Political Rights of the Universal Dec of Human Rights.

A
  1. Right to life
  2. Liberty
  3. Free speech
  4. Privacy
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13
Q

List x2 Social and Cultural Rights in the Universal Dec of Human Rights.

A
  1. Right to education
  2. Right to Social security
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14
Q

List x5 Basic Human Rights.

A
  1. Right to Equality
  2. Freedom from Discrimination
  3. Right to Life, Liberty and Personal Security
  4. Freedom from Slavery
  5. Freedom from Torture and Degrading Treatment
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15
Q

Who was vocal about Animal Rights?

A

Jeremy Bentham.

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16
Q

Name x5 aspects of Environmental Rights.

A
  1. Climate
  2. Conservation
  3. Sustainability
  4. Carbon Footprints
  5. Endangered species
17
Q

Name x4 Examples which outline the Dualism of Rights.

A
  1. Right to ARVs - but personal responsibility to intimate conduct
  2. Right to Municipal services - but responsibility to paying municipal bills
  3. Right to Free Speech - but responsibility not to take part in hate speech
  4. Right to bear arms - but responsibility to keep them safe.
18
Q

In what areas does Right Ethics apply in Engineering context?

A
  1. Health & Safety in the workplace
  2. Recruitment & Employment benefits
  3. Adherence to Professional standards & Guidelines
  4. Project Integrity - respect to heritage sites, conservation/reservation, scarce natural resources
  5. Political Agenda
19
Q

List x7 Weaknesses of Rights Ethics Approach.

A
  1. Legislation does not ensure Rights
  2. Rights don’t always coincide with Justice
  3. Relativity applied to rights
  4. Geared to minimum standards
  5. Is equality achievable/practical?
  6. Responsibility is often assumed
  7. Applies to signatory countries - What about the others?
20
Q

List x6 Strengths of Rights Ethics Approach.

A
  1. Universality of Rights
  2. Provides/Ensures minimum standards for all
  3. Can be actively challenged & Changed
  4. Provides a Legal Guarantee for moral status
  5. Form of Applied Ethics and can be use with other Ethical Approaches
  6. Causes non-signatories who breech code to be challenged
21
Q

Explain the need for a Universal Declaration of Human Rights in
1948.

A
22
Q

Outline the inherent dualism that exists with this approach.

A
23
Q

‘Rights’ do not always coincide with ethics e.g. the ‘right’ to life but the law can provide for a death penalty in the case of some signatory countries. Describe another instance where this holds true.

A

Freedom of Speech being limited by laws against Hate Speech

24
Q

What ‘right’ would you add to the current UDHR & explain why?

A

Right to Digital Access and Online Privacy

25
Q

Discuss whether we can realistically legislate for an ideal world.

A
26
Q

Should animals have Rights?

A

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