Right Realist Solutions

Question 1

Do Right Realists argue they can tackle the cause of crime?

Answer 1

• Right Realists argue that they cannot deal with the causes of crime easily as they are due to biology

Question 2

What measures do they propose?

Answer 2

• They seek pratical measures to make crime less attractive and to raise to cost of committing crime through control, containment and punishment rather than eliminating the causes of rehabillitating them
• They aim to make it harder for criminals to commit crime

Question 3

What is situational crime prevention?

Answer 3

• Involves protecting specific targets from potential criminal behaviour
• This can be done through target hardening which protects the area or increasing surveillance which makes crime more visible. This can also be through desigining out areas to make crime less possible

Question 4

What is an evaluation of situational crime prevention?

Answer 4

• Leads to crime displacement with areas of less preventitive measures
• They are often quite effective at a low cost
• May prevent activities that are not criminal such as homlessesness rough sleeping
• Lyng argues that some may see that it provides a challenge and level of thrill and risk which is a feature of many crimes
• It does not prevent white collar, corporate or state crime therefore Marxists would argue these measures control the working class implemented by the ruling class

Question 5

What is environmental crime prevention?

Answer 5

• Focusses on making whole neighbourhoods or larger areas more crime resistant through relying heavily on the police

Question 6

What are examples of environmental crime prevention?

Answer 6

• Zero Tolerance Policing
• ASBO’s
• Three strike rule

Question 7

What is environmental crime prevention based on?

Answer 7

• Wilson and Kelling’s Broken Windows Theory

Question 8

What is the Broken Windows Theory?

Answer 8

• If there is signs of physical disorder, it gives off the message that there is low informal social which attracts criminals
• It is essential to maintain the character of the neighbourhood to prevent crime such as any sign of deterioration, vandalism and graffiti must be dealt with immediately

Question 9

What is a zero tolerance approach?

Answer 9

• They advocate for a zero tolerance policy towards undesirable behaviour
• This is a policing strategy that involves relentless order maintenance and agressive law enforcement
• The police need to focus on controlling the streets so people feel safe
• Seen in Liverpool 2005 and New York

Question 10

What does Young argue about the Zero Tolerance?

Answer 10

• Young argues that the success of the zero tolerance was a myth pushed by politicians to take credit for falling crime
• There has been a falling rate since before the zero tolerance approach
• The police needed to justify their positions through making arrests for minor deviant acts

Question 11

What is the evaluation of the zero tolerance approach?

Answer 11

• The success was exaggerated and the product of the police coping with an already occuring decline
• Gives police free reign to discriminate
• Over emphasises the control of disorder rather than tackling the cause of crime
• Zero tolerance leads to displacement
• Can have a severe negative impact for minor crimes such as possession of marijuana

Question 12

What are ASBO’s?

Answer 12

• An anti-social behaviour order which is a court order to prevent an individual in engaging in behaviour which causes harm or distress

Question 13

What is the 3 strike law?

Answer 13

• This is to increase the punishment of those who continue to commit the same offenses after being convicted of one or two serious crimes