Right for Food

Question 1

What are human rights?

Answer 1

Rights deemed inherent to the human person, the birth right of every man, woman and child, regardless of what race they have, where they live, under what jurisdiction, or where they are from e.g right to adequate food and the right of liberty

Question 2

Responsibilities of non-state actors such as organisations, companies and individuals, however, do not amount to legally binding obligations.. TRUE or FALSE

Answer 2

True

Question 3

Only states have legal obligations, even if all members of the society have responsibilities, and only individuals have human rights. TRUE or FALSE

Answer 3

True

Question 4

What are the 3 levels of legal obligations of states and their meaning ?

Answer 4

• Respect: not interfere with the enjoyment of human rights
• Protect: takes steps to ensure that 3rd parties do not interfere with the enjoyment of human rights
• Fulfil human rights : to facilitate - take actions to strengthen people’s ability to meet their needs to provide- to ensure the provision of goods and services for those who cannot provide for themselves

Question 5

What are the 4 characteristics of all human rights?

Answer 5

They are: - Universal - Indivisible - Interdependent - Interrelated.

Question 6

What does universality of human rights mean?

Answer 6

It means that human rights are the same for everyone

Question 7

What does indivisibility of human rights mean?

Answer 7

The principle of indivisibility acknowledges that human rights cannot be separated from one another

Question 8

Is development a human right?

Answer 8

Yes

Question 9

What does interdependence and interrelatedness of human rights mean?

Answer 9

They acknowledge that rights impact upon each other and that a right cannot be fully achieved without the fulfillment of all other rights

Question 10

Which organization stated that “Everyone has the right to a standard of living adequate for the health and well-being of himself and of his family, including food”? And When?

Answer 10

Universal Declaration of Human Rights (1948)

Question 11

How many countries ratified the ICESCR (International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights)?

Answer 11

150

Question 12

Vulnerable groups need to be protected. What principle from the right to adequate food is this?

Answer 12

Human dignity

Question 13

Many countries have ratified the ICESCR. What principle from the right to adequate food is this?

Answer 13

Legal obligations

Question 14

Human rights and the right to adequate food are necessary to achieve the millenium development goals. What principle from the right to adequate food is this?

Answer 14

International commitments

Question 15

Hunger, malnutrition, and poverty have economic and social costs. What principle from the right to adequate food is this?

Answer 15

Economic reasons

Question 16

Name the major reasons why the right to adequate food is a concern for all members of society.

Answer 16

• Human dignity - Legal obligations - International commitments - Economic reasons - Political reasons - Ethical reasons

Question 17

Who is at the center of concern in the right to adequate food approach?

Answer 17

Vulnerable groups

Question 18

For whom does the right to adequate food approach call for responsible action ?

Answer 18

All members of society, including the private sector

Question 19

As stated by ICESCR what is the right to adequate food?

Answer 19

The right to adequate food is realized when every man, woman and child, alone or in community with others, have the physical and economic access at all times to adequate food or means for its procurement.

Question 20

When is food defined as adequate?

Answer 20

When it satisfies dietary needs through the life cycle, by taking into account needs related to gender, occupation and culture

Question 21

What is food accessibility?

Answer 21

Economic accessibility: personal or household financial means to buy food for an adequate diet all year around to satisfy the dietary needs of the individual and household all year round
Physical accessibility: food must be accessible to everyone everywhere

Question 22

Since we have knowledge and resources, it would be unethical not to act. What principle from the right to adequate food is this?

Answer 22

Ethical reasons

Question 23

Food sovereignty is the right of people to:

Answer 23

• define their own food and agriculture;
• protect and regulate domestic agricultural production and trade in order to achieve sustainable development objectives;
• determine the extent to which they want to be self reliant;
• restrict the dumping of products in their markets; and
  give local fisheries-based communities the priority in managing the use of and right to aquatic resources.

Question 24

Is right to food specific to agriculture?

Answer 24

The Right to Adequate Food is not Specific to Agriculture

Question 25

WHat are the sections of Right to Food Guidleines

Answer 25

• Section I Preface and Introduction
• Section II Enabling environment, assistance and accountability (19 guidelines)
• Section III International measures, actions and
  commitments

Question 26

What are the 19 guidelines?

Answer 26

1. Democracy, good governance, HR and the rule of law
   - Legal framework, democratic structure
2. Economic development policies
   - sustainable, inclusive, pro-poor development, inter-sectoral approach
   - guarantee food supply, distribution and consumption
3. Strategies
   - participatory, transparent, comprehensive, HR-based poverty reduction strategies
4. Market systems
   - improvement of market systems towards food security, nondiscriminatory access, storage and transportation
   - commitment of market players to realize the right to food /food security, corporate social responsibility
5. Institutions
   - importance of public institutions and their efficiency to
   implement the VG, anti-corruption measures
6. Stakeholders
   - multi-stakeholder approach to food security
7. Legal Framework
   - legal instruments for implementation of VG
   - judicial recourse-mechanism for violations, remedies
8. Access to resources and assets
   - protect, promote access and sustainable use (land reform)
   - labour, land, water, GMO, sustainability, services
9. Food safety and consumer protection
10. Nutrition
    - education on healthy eating habits
    - access to nutritious food, gardens, information
    - special attention to vulnerable groups (HIV/AIDS), children under 5, lactating mothers
    - inter-sectoral approach
11. Education and awareness raising
    - human rights education at different levels: schools, higher education, CS, government officials
12. National financial resources
    - Allocation of financial resources for anti-hunger programs
    - Transparency, coherence, accountability
    - Taxation, no budget cuts,
13. Support to vulnerable groups
    - identification of vulnerable groups, disaggregated analysis
    - effective targeting of assistance, right channels
14. Safety Nets
    - assistance trough cash or in kind transfer programs
    - identify and target those in need
    - establishment of eligibility criteria
    - exit strategies
15. International Food Aid
    - norms, safety, exit-strategies
16. Natural and human-made disasters
    – wars, conflicts, starvation as an instrument of war
17. Monitoring, quality of indicators and benchmarks
18. National human rights institutions, ombudsperson
19. International dimension

Question 27

The Right to Food Guidelines stress that individuals have a right to an _______ in which they can provide for their own needs and those of their families, including food, in freedom and dignity.

Answer 27

The Right to Food Guidelines stress that individuals have a right to an enabling environment in which they can provide for their own needs and those of their families, including food, in freedom and dignity.

Question 28

The Right to Food Guidelines emphasize _______ by inviting states to include provisions in their domestic laws that facilitate the realization of the right to food.

Answer 28

The Right to Food Guidelines emphasize accountability by inviting states to include provisions in their domestic laws that facilitate the realization of the right to food.