QUIZ 4 Flashcards
Impact assessment: purpose
To determine long-term effect of a program( to assess changes in food security situation). Long term and medium term outcomes
____ survey is done before the start of the program in order to evaluate the results
Baseline
Accountability is
why should we carry out the program assessment
External vs internal learning
Internal- the data will be used to improve the design of the program, external- data for other program and decisions
Market based agriculture vs subsistence base agriculture
Market: they sell food and then buy the food they need Subsistence: they feed themselves
Conventional agriculture uses a lot of….
Machinery and pesticides
Agroecology. 5 benefits
1)recycling of the biomass 2)enhance soil conditions by managing organic matter and enhancing soil biotic activity 3)natural control of disease 4)enhance diversity of crop and non-crop plants 5) increase soil recover to reduce water loss
The world food summit plan of action(7 points)
- Political, social and economic environment (legislation, the economy is) not working) 2. Nutritionally adequate and safe food 3.Sustainable food policies (types of food that are been produced, how the land is used. Participatory is the key!!!! Incorporating different layers of society. 4.Fair world trade system. The rules of trade were made by the most powerful, not considering the weak ones (the farmers, small countries) 5.Prevent and be prepared for natural disasters and man-made emergencies (stop the war) 6. Optimal allocation and use of public and private investments (to make sure while we are dreaming of other planets, children are not dying on Earth, army instead institutions and hunger fighting) 7. Implement, monitor and follow-up this plan
Three main strategies against undernutrition
Food- based strategies; supplements; global public health and disease control measures
Three main food based strategies (most sustainable to prevent micronutrient deficiency and malnutrition in general)
1) increase food production (but with availability of prices, accessibility) 2) improve dietary diversity 3) food fortification-biofortification (not only GMO, you select the best food and then you cross pollinate them. Food fortification has the potential for wide populations coverage and can involve a combination of micronutrients
When implementing food-based strategies we need to remember about what (6 points)
-Preventive, cost-effective, sustainable and income generating -Culturally acceptable and feasible to implement (people are used to eat some type of food. They do not want sometime to eat it. Philippines did not eat the golden rice that was developed for them, because were eating the same thing for a long time, looked dirty. They liked to eat white rice. The rice was manipulated to have a higher Vitamin A content. In Africa sweet potato was sent to fight vit A deficiency, but they did not eat it, because they did not like the texture, the taste.) -Promote self-reliance and community participation -Take into account crucial role of breastfeeding and special needs of infants during weaning period (after 6 months of age) -Foster the development of environmentally sound food production systems -Alliances among government, consumer groups, food industry and organizations to prevent malnutrition (Kallpawawa-complementary foods(porridge) for children from 6 to 23 months. Stimulating local production by giving more money, making factory (more jobs) and after feeding their children. And Caripuyo became independent from the central government. Another example with milk field)
Nutrition education is a part of _____
Food based strategies
Food system approach(7 points)
Food production and processing Storage and preservation Communication, Education (better eating behaviors) Social Marketing Planning Coordinating Monitoring and Evaluation
Three priorities of development
Rapid pro-poor economic growth (it does not work if you just give food. Understanding for sustainable approach. You have to incorporate people for better work, indigenous for indigenous) Effective provision of public goods Empowerment of poor people
What is the major issue with meetings between organizations to fix food security issues?
- In very few cases do organizations ask individuals affected what they should do - Individuals affected are NOT consulted
