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Millwright Level 1 > Rigging And Ladder Safety > Flashcards

Rigging And Ladder Safety Flashcards

1
Q

What are the six considerations when choosing wire rope?

A

Strength

Flexibility

Resistance to abrasion

Resistance to crushing

Resistance to rotation

Resistance to corrosion

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2
Q

What are the 3 cores in wire rope?

A

Independent wire rope core IWRC- small diameter wire in the core of the main rope. IWRC increases resistance to crushing

Fibre core - core of wire is made of sisal, Manila, or other synthetic material. More flexible and increases elasticity.

Wire strand core- core is made of a single strand of wire. Not meant for lifting. Use for guy lines.

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3
Q

What type of core is better for conditions of elevated heat or freezing?

A

internal Wire core.

Fibre core will damaged with heat and freezing.

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4
Q

What is a sling?

A

Length of metal, natural fibre or synthetic fibre with various fittings or loops.

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5
Q

T = W/N x L/V is what formula ?

A

Sling stress formula.

If your sling lengths are not the same use the shortest sling length. This will give you a better safety factor
~~~
T = tension per sling
W = weight in pounds
N = number of legs
L = choker length in feet
V = vertical load from hookup to load
~~~

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6
Q

What advantages do web slings have over metal?

A

More flexible to go around lifting objects

The high elasticity minimizes shock and cushions the load

Light weight

Do not rust

Do not produce sparks

Resistant to spinning and twisting.

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7
Q

What is the SWL rule for nylon web?

A

1600 pound SWL per inch of width.

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8
Q

What is the criteria for broken wires in a running rope?

A

Signs of breakage in the valleys between the stands

Six or more broken wires in one rope lay

Three or more broken wires in one strand in one rope lay.

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9
Q

What is the criteria for replacing standing rope due to broken wires?

A

Replace standing rope if:

Three or more broken wires in one rope lay

Breaks near such starched fittings.

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10
Q

What does lay refer to?

A

The direction in which the strands of rope are twisted together

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11
Q

What are the 4 rope lays?

A

Left lay Lang lay

Right lay Lang lay

Right lay regular lay - most common

Left lay regular lay

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12
Q

What does lay length mean?

A

The distance along the rope a single strand makes one revolution.

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13
Q

What is the difference between regular lay and Lang lay?

A

In a regular lay the small strands are twisted together in one direction and then twisted around the core in the opposite direction.

Lang lay the single strands are twisted in the same direction as the strands twisted around the core.

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14
Q

What is an advantage of a nylon rope

A

Very strong

High elasticity

Good to use where shock loading is common

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15
Q

What is the benefits to poly rope?

A

Poly rope is cheaper then nylon

High buoyancy

Commonly used around water

Non conductor of electricity

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16
Q

When do you replace running rope?

A

Signs of breakage in the valleys

Six or more broken wires in one rope lay

Three or more broken wires in one strand of one rope lay

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17
Q

Why are shims needed for eye bolts?

A

To help align them

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18
Q

What is the formula for number of clips needed for wire rope?

A

Number of clips = rope diameter x 3 + 1

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19
Q

Clip spacing =?

A

Rope diameter x 6

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20
Q

Turn back equals?

A

Number of clips x spacing

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21
Q

When installing wire rope clips properly what is your rope strength percentage?

A

80 percent

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22
Q

How many tons will a 3/8 wire rope hold?

A

1 ton and each 1/8 added to 3/8’s will add an additional ton.

Example 1/2=3/8 + 1/8 = 2 ton(2000lbf)

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23
Q

How do you determine mechanical advantage when using block and tackle?

A

Count number of ropes on the travelling block.

7 ropes = 7:1

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24
Q

Why is chain not recommended for heavy lifting or impact loading?

A

A chain fails when one link breaks. Usually has little warning.

The very limited elasticity of chain does not handle shock loading.

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25
Q

When is chain better suited?

A

Withstands rougher use

Does not kink easily

More resistant to abrasion

Less affected by high temperatures

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26
Q

How often should chains in regular use be inspected?

A

Once a month

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27
Q

How much wear is allowed before replacing?

28
Q

What is the stretch tolerance before replacing a chain?

A

Up to 3% stretch thoroughly inspect

Up to 5% replace

29
Q

What is the only type of natural fibre rope to be used for lifting?

A

Grade 1 Manila

30
Q

What is the SWL for fibre rope

31
Q

What is the strength reduction of a knot?

32
Q

What is the strength reduction of a bend?

33
Q

What is the strength reduction of a hitch?

34
Q

What is the strength reduction of a splice?

35
Q

What is the cubic weight per foot of steel?

A

490lb/ft cubed

36
Q

What is the cubic weight per foot of brass?

A

536lb/ft cubed

37
Q

What is the formula for calculating rectangular block weights?

A

Volume=length x width x height.

Volume x density

38
Q

What is the the formula for calculating a ring?

A

V= (3.14xRsquared xH) - (3.14xrsquared x H)

39
Q

What is 5:1 rigging for?

A

General rigging and hoisting

40
Q

What is 10:1 safety factor for?

A

Lifting and transporting workers

41
Q

What is 20:1 safety factor for?

A

Public elevators

42
Q

Wire rope Swl in tons =‘s

A

D2 x 8

Diameter squared

43
Q

In Canada wire rope must not be used as temps at or above?

A

205 C (400f)

44
Q

Wire rope termination efficiency chart

45
Q

Maximum temperature nylon slings can be exposed to before being damaged?

A

82 C (180F)

46
Q

Calculating sling angle factor is ____ button on your calculator?

WLL (basket) = WLL x number of legs x sling angle factor

A

Sin(sling angle)
Sin(60) = .866

47
Q

Maximum capacity of a crane formula

48
Q

Scaffolding must support at least_____ times the expected load

49
Q

Sheave supporting wire rope should have ______ degree of support contact?

A

130 - 150 degree contact

50
Q

Fleet angle for sheave winding is _____ degrees

A

1.5 degrees do not exceed 2 degrees

51
Q

Chain wear for chains under 1” can be ___% and chains over 1” cab be ____%

52
Q

Wedge sockets are only ____% of the maximum load

53
Q

Swagged sockets are _____% efficiency

54
Q

If a thimble is not used on a eye the strength can be reduced by___%

55
Q

True or false

Wire rope clips are right and left hand and must be installed on the correct wire rope?

57
Q

Tapped hole for a lifting eye or bolt should be ____times the diameter?

A

1.5 times the diameter

58
Q

Swl=swl(1) x H/L x number of legs

A

H = height from load to hook
L = length of slings
N = number of legs

59
Q

Scaffolding height may not be taller than ____ it’s smallest dimension of its base

60
Q

Guardrails must be installed on scaffolding when they are above_____ in height ?

How high must the horizontal rail be?

A

Above 3 meters

.92m to 1.07m

61
Q

Toe boards must be a minimum height of______mm and must be installed when workers are working below when platform is ______ from the ground or floor?

A

140mm

3.5 m

62
Q

Strand construction, see image

63
Q

Measure wire rope _____ the amount of strands is how many different spots you measure.

A

1/2

Six strand rope check 3 spots

8 strand check 4 spots

64
Q

Con of nylon slings

A

Affected by acids and bleaching agents. Degraded by UV radiation and exposure and degraded rapidly at temps above 200 degrees

Not affected by alcohol, alkalis, aldehydes and hydro carbons

65
Q

Polyester sling

A

Less elasticity
Affected by alkalis (caustics), aldehydes (oxidated alcohols), degraded by high temps above 200f and degraded by uv

66
Q

Some points for reeving wire rope blocks

A

. When the set of blocks has an equal number of sheaves, you must fast end of the rope to the stationary block becket.
• When the set of blocks has an unequal number of sheaves, you must fo dead end of the rope to becket on the block with the least sheaves.
• When the set of blocks has more than two sheaves, the lead line shoul from the sheave closest to the centre.
• The fixed block’s connection point should always be stronger than the the travelling block.

Millwright Level 1 (24 decks)

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