Rhinosinusitis Flashcards
Rhinosinusitis
Inflammation of the lining of the nose and sinuses. includes acute bacterial infection, allergy, nasal polyps, chronic idiopathic, fungal, impaired ciliary function
4 Sinuses
Maxillary
Ethmoidal
Frontal
Sphenoidal
Presentation of Rhino sinusitis
Nasal obstruction, rhinorrhoea, post nasal drip, reduced sense of smell
Red flag: unilateral obstruction and bleeding
Classification of Rhinosinusitis
Acute: <12 weeks
Chronic: >12 weeks
Recurrent acute: >4 or more acute episodes/ year
Viral causes of Acute Rhinosinusitis
Rhinovirus, Influenza, RSV
Bacterial causes of Acute Rhinosinusitis
Pneumococcus, Streptococcus, Haemophilus Influenza
Presentation of Acute Rhinosinusitis (ARS)
Preceding URTI
Nasal congestion
Mucopus- anterior or posterior
Facial pain when leaning forward
Managing ARS
Nasal decongestants
Broad spectrum antibiotics
Complications of ARS
Sepsis Orbital Cellulitis Orbital Abscess Vision Loss Abscess Cavernous Sinus Thrombosis
Rhinosinusitis complication
Orbital Cellulitis, Sick, Diplopia (double vision), Proptosis, visual abnormalities
Intracranial complications for rhinosinusitis
Meningitis, extradural abscess, subdural abscess, cavernous sinus thrombosis
Allergic causes of CRS
Atopy, aspirin allergy
Non-allergic causes of CRS
Idiopathic, ciliary dysfunction, rhinitis medicamentosa
Presentation of CRS
Nasal obstruction, rhinorrhoea, post nasal drip, hyposmia, facial discomfort
Examination of CRS
Inflamed nasal mucosa, oedematous middle turbinate, pus, nasal polyps
