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SS: ENT > Discharging Ear > Flashcards

Discharging Ear Flashcards

1
Q

Presentation of a discharging ear

A

Deafness, otalgia (earache), otorrhea, dizziness, tinnitus, pruriti (itch), facial palsy

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2
Q

Presentation of Otitis Externa aka Swimmers ear

A

itchy then painful, hearing ok, painful to touch pinna

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3
Q

Common pathogens causing Otitis Externa

A

Staphylococcus Aureus and Pseudomonas Aeroginosa

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4
Q

Presentation of Acute Otitis Externa

A

Earache, cold, malaise and fever

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5
Q

Commonly affected by AOM

A

6-15 months

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6
Q

Treating AOM with intact eardrum

A

Paracetamol or Ibuprofen, delay antibiotics until day 4. 5 day course of amoxicillin for strep pneumoniae and haemophilus influenzae

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7
Q

Treating AOM with perforated eardrum

A

Eardrops

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8
Q

When to refer AOM to ENT

A

4 or more episodes each year

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9
Q

Risk factors for AOM

A

Young children, having a cleft palate and Down Syndrome

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10
Q

Why are children more prone to AOM

A

They have a short eustachian tube and have larger adenoids

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11
Q

Treating Chronic Otitis Media

A

Water precautions, topical therapy when needed, refer for myringoplasty

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12
Q

Acute Mastoiditis

A

Postauricular swelling and erythema without subperiosteal abscess or mastoid osteitis

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13
Q

Complications of Acute Mastoiditis

A

Meningitis, abscess, venous thrombosis, raised ICP

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14
Q

Treating Mastoiditis

A

Vancomycin and ceftriaxone

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15
Q

Cholesteatoma

A

Noncancerous skin growth that develops in the middle section of the ear behind the eardrum.

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16
Q

Cause of a Cholesteatoma

A

When eustachian tube is blocked, a partial vaccum forms creating a cyst. Growth becomes larger when filled with old skin cells and fluid.

17
Q

Presentation of Cholesteatoma

A

smelly otorrhoea, intermittent, hearing loss

18
Q

Complications of Cholesteatoma

A

vertigo, facial muscle paralysis, permanent hearing loss, meningitis, brain abscess

19
Q

Treating Cholesteatoma

A

Surgery to remove

20
Q

Necrotising Otitis Externa

A

An aggressive infection rather than a malignancy of the external ear

21
Q

Who is commonly affected by Necrotising Otitis Externa

A

Over 90% of Diabetics

22
Q

Risk factors for Necrotising Otitis Externa

A

Diabetics, those on chemotherapy, HIV, AIDS

23
Q

Presentation of Necrotising Otitis Externa

A

smelly otorrhea, otalgia, hearing loss, itching near canal, fever, difficulty swallowing, weakness in facial muscles, loss of voice, swollen red skina around ear

24
Q

Investigating Necrotising Otitis Externa

A

Swab for culture, neurological exam, CT, MRI of head,

25
Q

Complications of Necrotising Otitis Externa

A

Osteomyelitis of temporal bone, skull base, cranial nerve involvement,

26
Q

Treating Necrotising Otitis Externa

A

IV antibiotics, surgery

SS: ENT (8 decks)

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