Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Finals > Rheumatology > Flashcards

Rheumatology Flashcards

1
Q

Arthritis is chronic if it lasts for how long?

A

> 6 weeks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the 7 seropositive causes of inflammatory arthritis

A 
Rheumatoid arthritis
SLE
Scleroderma
Sjogrens
Vasculitis
Polymyositis
Dermatomyositis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are the 4 seronegative causes of inflammatory arthritis

A

Psoriatic arthritis
Reactive arthritis
Ankylosing spondylitis
Enteropathic arthritis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Generalised features of seropositive arthritis

A

Affect women more than men
Symmetrical polyarticular small and large joints
DIP spared
+ve RF/CCP
No pelvic/spinal involvement
Nodules, vasculitis, Raynauds, scleritis/episcleritis, photosensitivity, pulmonary involvement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Generalised features of seronegative arthritis

A 
Affect men more than women
Asymmetrical oligoarticular large joints
-ve RF/CCP
DIP affected in psoriatic
Pelvic and spinal involvement common
Iritis, uveitis, oral ulcers, enthesitis, GI, GU and derm pathology
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Hand/wrist examination findings in rheumatoid arthritis

A

Symmetrical small joint polyarthritis affecting wrists, MCPs, PIPs, ankles, elbows
Swan neck deformity
Boutinniere’s deformity
Ulnar deviation
Rheumatoid nodules on extensor surfaces of tendons
Subluxation
Dorsal muscle wasting/guttering

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Extra-articular features of rheumatoid arthritis

A

Lungs, heart, eyes, blood, hands, spleen
Pleuritis/pleural effusion
Pericarditis/pericardial effusion
Scleritis/episcleritis/scleromalacia perforans/keratoconjunctivitis sicca
Palmar erythema, nail fold infarcts
Caplans syndrome - pulmonary nodules, splenomegaly and low blood count (RBC, WBC, both)
Felty’s syndrome - RA, splenomegaly and neutropenia
Sjogrens syndrome
Carpal tunnel/neuropathies

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the name of the criteria classification system used to diagnose rheumatoid arthritis

A

ACR classification criteria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What tool can be used to assess severity of rheumatoid arthritis

A

DAS-28 score

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Management of rheumatoid arthritis

A 
Refer to rheumatology
Manage CVD risk factors (at increased risk)
NSAIDs
Steroids
DMARDs/biologics
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Typical presentation of reactive arthritis

A

Young male a few weeks after GU/GI infection

Uveitis/conjunctivitis + Urethritis + Arthritis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the pattern of joint involvement for reactive arthritis

A

Asymmetrical oligoarticular large joints of lower limbs/back

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the pattern of joint involvement for psoriatic arthritis

A

Asymmetrical mono/oligoarticular larger joints
5 patterns:
1. DIP arthritis
2. Asymmetrical oligoarticular
3. Symmetrical polyarticular
4. Arthritis mutilans
5. Psoriatic spondylitis + sacroiliitis + spinal involvement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Clinical findings of ankylosing spondylitis

A 
Asymmetrical mono/oligoarticular large joints
Sacroiliac tenderness
Loss of lumbar lordosis
Kyphosis
Iritis/uveitis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Clinical feature of SLE

A

Symmetrical arthritis and chronic arthralgia
Malar butterfly rash, discoid rash, photosensitivity
Fatigue, weight loss, fever, lymphadenopathy
Raynauds
Jacouds arthritis
Pleuritis/ILD
Peri/myo/endocarditis
Hypertension
Oral ulcers, nasal ulcers, alopecia
Nephritic syndrome
VTE (APS)
CNS signs - seizures, psychosis, cognitive defects
Anaemia, lymphopenia, neutropenia, thrombocytopenia
Abdo pain, diarrhoea, vomiting

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the name of the classification system used to help diagnose SLE

A

ACR criteria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Which special blood tests are positive in SLE

A

Double stranded DNA
ANA
Anti-phospholipid antibodies

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Management of SLE

A 
Rheumatology referral
CVD risk factor management
Sun protection
NSAIDs
Steroids
Hydroxychloroquine, MTX
Renal assessment/involvement
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is CREST syndrome

A 
Limited scleroderma
Calcinosis
Raynauds
Esophageal dysfunction
Sclerodactyly
Telangiectasias
20
Q

Which antibody is associated with scleroderma limited to the skin

A

Anti-centromere

21
Q

Secondary causes of Sjogren’s syndrome

A

SLE
RA
Systemic sclerosis

22
Q

What is sicca complex

A

Decreased lacrimal and salivary gland secretion

23
Q

How can you test for lacrimal secretion

A

Schirmer’s test

24
Q

Two antibodies associated with Sjogren’s syndrome

A

Anti-Ro

Anti-La

25
Q

Findings associated with dermatomyositis

A 
Heliotrope rash
Gottron's papules 
Symmetrical proximal myopathy
V shaped rash on chest/neck
Photosensitivity
26
Q

Diagnosis of fibromyalgia

A

Pain index score and symptom severity score raised for at least 3 months + no other disorder that wound explain the pain

27
Q

Clinical features of fibromyalgia

A

11/18 tender points
Fatigue unrelieved by sleep
Neuropathic pain

28
Q

How could you explain fibromyalgia to a patient

A

Its not inflammation it’s chemical changes in pain pathways

29
Q

Risk factors for developing gout

A 
Male
Alcohol
Purine diet - steak, oily fish
Loop and thiazide diuretics
DM
HTN
Decreased renal function
Metabolic syndrome
30
Q

Two findings that can result from chronic gout

A 
Tophi
Renal disease (stones/interstitial nephritis)
31
Q

Describe the crystals seen in gout

A

Monosodium urate crystals are needle shape and have strong negative birefringe

32
Q

Describe the crystals seen in pseudogout

A

Calcium pyrophosphate rhomboid shape crystals with a weakly positive birefringe

33
Q

Side effects of steroids

A 
Skin - atrophy, stretch marks, purpura
HTN
Weight gain, increased appetite
Hyperglycaemia
Hypocalcaemia (secondary osteoporosis)
Mood disorders
Dyspepsia
Myalgia and proximal muscle weakness
34
Q

How long do DMARDs take to help symptoms

A

6-12 months

35
Q

What life threatening risk associated with DMARDs do you need to tell patients about

A

Risk of myelosuppression and neutropenia –> sepsis

36
Q

Large vessel vasculitis

A

Takayasu

GCA

37
Q

Medium vessel vasculitis

A

Polyarteritis nodosa

Kawasaki disease

38
Q

ANCA positive small vessel vasculitis

A

Microscopic polyangitis
Granulomatosis with polyangitis
Eosinophilic gransulomatosis with polyangitis

39
Q

ENT involvement is common in which type of vasculitis

A

Granulomatosis with polyangitis

40
Q

Antibody associated with drug-induced SLE

A

Antihistone

41
Q

What score measures disease activity in rheumatoid arthritis

A

DAS-28

42
Q

Upper limb claudication with diminished/absent reflexes can be due to which vasculitis

A

Takayasu’s

43
Q

Segmental thrombotic occlusions of the small and medium sized lower limb vessels
Commonest in young male smokers
Proximal pulses usually present, but pedal pulses are lost
Tortuous corkscrew shaped collateral vessels may be seen on angiography

A

Buergers disease

44
Q

First line medication for Raynaud’s phenomenon

A

Calcium channel blockers e.g. nifedipine

45
Q

Antibody associated with dermatomyositis

A

Anti-Jo1

46
Q

Test for drug-induced lupus

A

Anti-histone antibodies

Finals (32 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions