Neurology Examination Flashcards
What is involved in testing the cranial nerves as part of a neurological examination (7)
Visual fields Pupillary reflexes Fundoscopy H test of eye movements Facial nerve - facial expressions Uvula Tongue - fasciculations, wasting, deviation, movement
Shoulder abduction nerve root
C5
Elbow flexion nerve root
C5/C6
Elbow extension nerve root
C7
Wrist flexion and extension nerve root
C7
Finger extension nerve root
C7
Finger flexion nerve root
C8
Finger and thumb abduction nerve root
T1
Bicep jerk reflex nerve root
C5
Supinator jerk reflex nerve root
C5/C6
Tricep jerk reflex nerve root
C7
Hip flexion nerve root
L1,2,3
Hip extension nerve root
L5, S1
Knee flexion nerve root
L5, S1
Ankle dorsiflexion nerve root
L4, L5
Ankle plantarflexion nerve root
S1, S2
Knee reflex nerve root
L3/4
Ankle reflex nerve root
S1, S2
Aspects of upper limb examination as part of a neuro exam
Inspection Pronator drift Tone Power - shoulder abduction - elbow flexion - elbow extension - wrist flexion and extension - finger extension - finger flexion - finger abduction - thumb abduction Reflexes - biceps - supinator - triceps Co-ordination Sensation
Aspects of lower limb examination as part of a neuro exam
Inspection Gait Rombergs Tone Ankle clonus Power - hip flexion - hip extension - knee flexion - knee extension - ankle dorsiflexion - ankle plantarflexion Reflexes - knee - ankle Babinski Co-ordination Sensation
MRC grades for muscle power
0 – no contraction 1 – flickers of contraction 2 – moves without gravity 3 – moves against gravity 4 – moves against resistance but weaker than expected 5 – normal power
How do you write down/record reflex responses
\++++ clonus \+++ brisk/increased \++ normal/brisk \+ normal/diminished - absent \+/- present only with reinforcement
