Rheumatology Flashcards
1
Q
anti Ro and anti La
A
Sjogern’s
2
Q
anti Scl-70
A
Diffuse systemic sclerosis
3
Q
anti centromere
A
limited systemic sclerosis
4
Q
anti-jo and ANA
A
dermatomyositis
5
Q
anti cardiolipin
A
antiphospholipid syndrome
6
Q
antihistone
A
drug induced lupus
7
Q
cANCA
A
granulomatosis with polyangitis
8
Q
pANCA
A
eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangitis
9
Q
marker for poor prognosis in RA
A
anti ccp
10
Q
early xray changes in RA
A
juxta articular osteoporsis/osteopenia
11
Q
management of an acute flare of RA
A
steroid injection
12
Q
feature of psoriatic arthritis
A
asymmetrical
13
Q
triad in felty’s syndrome
A
RA
increased WCC
splenomegaly
14
Q
needle crystals and negative
A
gout
15
Q
rhomboid crystals and positive
A
pseudogout
16
Q
when do you check urate levels in gout
A
after the flare
17
Q
risk factor for pseudogout
A
hyperparathyroidism
18
Q
red aspirate
A
haemoarthrosis
19
Q
yellow green and cloudy aspirate
A
septic arthritis
20
Q
increased WBC yellow and cloudy aspirate
A
rheumatoid arthritis
21
Q
genetic association with reactive arthritis
A
HLA B27
22
Q
2 causes of dactylitis
A
psoriatic arthritis
reactive arthritis
23
Q
management of reactive arthritis
A
NSAID and steroid
24
Q
sterile synovial fluid with increased WCC
A
reactive arthritis
25
organisms causing reactive and septic arthritis
reactive: chlamydia
septic: gonorrhoea or staph aureus
26
management of septic arthritis
IV flucloxacillin
27
reactive arthritis triad
can't see pee or climb a tree
28
6 features of ankylosing spondylitis
Apical fibrosis
Anterior uveitis
Aortic regurgitation
Achilles tendonitis
AV node block
Amyloidosis
29
first sign of ankylosing spondylitis
reduced lateral flexion of the lumbar spine
30
MRI findings in ank spond
sacroiliac joints
31
medication for ank spond
etanercept
32
specific antibody for SLE
anti double stranded DNA
33
what happens to complement levels in active SLE disease
reduce
34
what do raised CRP levels in SLE indicate
infection
35
what type of hypersensitivity is SLE
3
36
1st line medication for SLE
hydroxychloroquine
37
side effect for hydroxychloroquine
eyes
38
arterial/venous thrombosis
livedo reticularis
miscarriage
antiphospholipid syndrome
39
management of antiphospholipid syndrome with previous thrombus or no previous thrombus
no previous thrombus: low dose aspirin
previous thrombus: warfarin
40
heart defect in ehlers dhanlos
aortic regurgiration
41
score for hypermobility
beighton score
42
ESR CRP and Creatinine Kinase in polymyalgia rheumatica
ESR and CRP raised
CK normal
43
weakness in polymyalgia rheumatica
due to myalgia
not true weakness
44
fundoscopy in temporal arteritis
swollen and pale disc with blurred margins
45
anterior ischaemic optic neuropathy
temporal arteritis
46
what condition increases the risk of malignancy
dermatomyositis
47
gottorons papules
rough red patches on the knuckles in dermatomyositis
48
fever rash and polyarthralgia
adult onset stills
49
oral and genital ulcers with anterior uveitis associated with erythema nodosum
bechets disease
50
what inheritance pattern does marfans show
autosomal dominant
51
management of fibromyalgia
CBT
52
treatment of scleroderma renal crisis
ACEi
53
treatment of raynauds
nifedipine
54
systemic vasculitis with no resp signs but signs of hep B
polyarteritis nodosa
55
renal impairment, respiratory symptoms and joint pain
wegener's granulomatosis
granulomatosis with polyangitis
56
what hypersensitivity is allergic contact dermatitis
4
57
what hypersensitivity is ITP
2
58
antibody in breastmilk
IgA
59
what do you need to check before starting on azathioprine
TMPT levels
60
what medication causes apthous ulcers
methotrexate
61
are hydroxychloroquine and azathioprine safe in pregnancy
yes
62
what medication causes drug induced lupus
isoniazid
63
side effect of colchine
diarrhoea
64
what class of drug is cotrimoxazole
sulph
65
methotrexate + trimethoprim
azathioprine + allopurinol
bone marrow suppression and fatal pancytopenia
66
difference between prednisolone and dexamethasone
prednisolone: high mineralocorticoid
dexamethasone: high glucocorticoid
67
pain worse on wrist flexion/supination with the elbow extended
lateral epicondylitis
68
4 muscles of the rotator cuff and their movements
subscapularis: internal rotation
supraspinatus: abduction
infraspinatus: external rotation
teres minor: external rotation
69
high calcium, high ALP, high PTH and low phosphate
primary hyperparathyroidism
70
treatment of primary hyperthyroidism
parathyroidectomy
71
low calcium, high ALP, high PTH, high phosphate
secondary hyperparathyroidism (to CKD)
72
pathophysiology of secondary hyperparathyroidism
reduced vitamin D / renal failure
73
PTH in tertiary hyperparathyroidism
high
74
first line bisphosphonate
Alendronic acid
75
who can start zolendronic acid
specialist
76
side effect of bisphosphonates
increased risk of atypical stress fractures (e.g. femoral)
77
how do you take bisphosphonates
with water, standing or sitting, 30 mins before food or other meds
78
what must you correct prior to starting bisphosphonates
calcium and vitamin D
79
when do you need calcium supplements during bisphosphonate treatment
if dietary intake is inadequate
80
blood values in osteporosis
normal
81
3 components of the z score
age gender ethnicity
82
T score less then 1, between 1-2.5, more than 2.5
less than 1: normal
1-2.5: osteopenia
more than 2.5: osteoporosis
83
what does a DEXA scan compare against
average healthy adult
84
explain the criteria for a bisphosphonate holiday
repeat FRAX and DEXA at 5 years
if reduced risk then stop and review in 2 years
85
what medication can you use alongside bisphosphonates to prevent pathological fractures in bone metastases
denosumab
86
first line management for osteoarthritis
paracetamol and topical NSAIDs
87
calcium, phosphate, ALP and PTH in osteomalacia
reduced calcium and phosphate
increased ALP and PTH
88
calcium, phosphate, ALP and PTH in osteogenesis imperfecta
normal
89
old man with bone pain and high ALP
pagets disease
90
investigation for pagets disease
skull xray
91
treatment for pagets disease
bisphosphonates
92
malignant tumour in metaphyseal region of long bones before epiphyseal closure with a STARBURST pattern
osteosarcoma
