Psychiatry Flashcards
give 2 examples of typical antipsychotics
haloperidol
chlorpromazine
give 4 examples of atypical antipsychotics
clozapine
risperidone
olanzapine
aripiprazole
MOA of typical antipsychotics
D2 receptor antagonists (block dopamine)
MOA of atypical antipsychotics
act on dopamine and HT
major side effect differences between typical and atypical antipsychotics
typical: extrapyramidal and increase prolactin levels
atypical: metabolic and weight gain
which antipsychotic causes life threatening agranulocytosis and neutropenia
what do you monitor
clozapine
FBC for leukocytes
give 4 examples of extrapyramidal side effects in antipsychotics
parkinsonism (bilateral resting tremor)
acute dystonia (muscle contraction causing torcollis)
akathisia (restlessness)
tardive dyskinesia (involuntary movements - chewing, pouting, blinking)
which antipsychotic has the least effects on prolactin
aripiprazole
medication to manage torcollis
procyclidine
medication to manage tardive dyskinesia
tetrabenazine
name some other side effects of antipsychotics
stroke/VTE
sedation
seizures
increased QT
sedation
galactorrhoea
antimuscarinic
neuroleptic malignant syndrome
reduced glucose tolerance
weight gain
4 antimuscarinic side effects
dry mouth
blurred vision
constipation
urinary incontinence
which antipsychotic increased the QT interval the most
haloperidol
pyrexia and muscle stiffness on antipsychotic
neuroleptic malignant syndrome
main side effect and management of SSRI
GI disturbance
give PPI
which side effect does citalopram cause
prolonged QT interval
torsades de pointes
which medication do SSRIs interact with to cause serotonin syndrome
MAOis
dizziness, shock and anxiety on SSRI
discontinuation
effect of using SSRIs during the third trimester
persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn
which SSRI do you give post MI
sertraline
which medication should you avoid whilst on SSRIs
triptans
when are samples for lithium levels taken
12 hours post dose
2 side effects of long term lithium use
hyperparathyroidism and hypercalcaemia
side effect of ECT
cardiac arrhythmias
how do you treat mania/hypomania is patients are on an antidepressant medication
stop the antidepressant
start an antispsychotic
how do you treat mania/hypomania is patients are on an antidepressant medication
stop the antidepressant
start an antipsychotic
MOA of benzodiazepines
increase the effect of GABA
assessment score for the severity of alcohol withdrawal
revised clinical institute withdrawal assessment for alcohol (CIWA)
how can korsakoff present
CN6 palsy
timings in alcohol withdrawal
symptoms in 6-12 hours
seizures in 36 hours
delirium tremens in 72 hours
MOA of disulfiram
alcohol deterrent causing vomiting
MOA of acamprosate
alcohol anti-craving medication
MOA of buprenorphine
patient comes off methadone to tablet under the tongue
how long do patients need depressive sx for according to ICD10
2 weeks
biomarkers in anorexia
most things reduce
G and C increase
3 symptoms in PTSD
re-experiencing (flashbacks, nightmares)
avoidance (people or situations)
hyperarousal (hypervigilance, sleep problems)
personality disorder with a fear of criticism
avoidant
personality disorder treated with DBT
borderline
personality disorder diagnosed mainly in men
antisocial
personality disorder with the negative symptoms of schizophrenia
schizoid
define erotomania (de clerambault’s)
delusion that a famous person is in love with them
define knight’s move thinking
illogical leaps between ideas
define flight of ideas
discernible links between ideas
physical symptoms for 2 years
pt refuses negative results
somatisation disorder
persistent belief in an underlying serious illness
hypochondriasis (illness anxiety disorder)
loss of motor or sensory function due to stress
conversion disorder
intentional production of symptoms
munchausen’s (factitious)
exaggeration of symptoms for financial gain
malingering
