Rheum

Question 1

Bisphosphates (osteoporosis example)?

Answer 1

Anti-resorptive decreasing OC activity and bone turnover

Question 2

How do bisphosphates work?

Answer 2

Inhibit the enzyme in the cholesterol synthesis pathway

Question 3

Anabolic action in osteoporosis?

Answer 3

Increase osteoblastic activity and bone formation

Question 4

Denosumab action in osteoporosis?

Answer 4

Decrease reabsorption

Question 5

Teriparatide action in osteoporosis?

Answer 5

PTH analogue: reduce fracture risk and increase bone density

Question 6

Ankylosing spondylitis treatments 1st, 2nd, 3rd line?

Answer 6

1st line: exercise and physio
2nd line: NSAIDs
3rd line: anti-TNF alpha

Question 7

1 in 4 chance someone with the HLA-B27 gene will develop what?

Answer 7

Spondyloarthritis or eye disease

Question 8

Amitriptyline is a…?

Answer 8

Anti-depressant

Question 9

Pain management treatments?

Answer 9

Analgesia, acupuncture, CBT, encourage aerobic exercise

Question 10

Which cytokines (x3) will mediate osteoarthritis?

Answer 10

IL1, TNF-alpha, NO

Question 11

Why is allopurinol prescribed in gout patient prevention?

Answer 11

Lowers the blood uric acid levels

Question 12

Allopurinol mechanism of action?

Answer 12

Xanthine oxidase inhibitor

Question 13

Treatment for acute gout flare-up?

Answer 13

Joint aspiration and NSAIDS or colchicine if CI

Question 14

Triple treatment for staphyloccous aureus?

Answer 14

Flucloxacillin, erythromycin, doxylteracycline

Question 15

Typical drug treatment for RA?

Answer 15

DMARDs: methotrexate, sulphasalazine, hydroxychloroquine, leflunomide

Question 16

What is the steroid used for acute exacerbations of RA?

Answer 16

IM methylprednisolone

Question 17

LESS on X-ray for RA?

Answer 17

Loss of joint space
Erosions
Soft tissue swelling
Soft bones

Question 18

SLE severe flare-ups treatment?

Answer 18

High dose prednisolone, IV cyclophosphamide

Question 19

SLE management list of drugs:

Answer 19

NSAIDs and hydroxychloroquine
Topical steroids
Biologics - Rituximab in B cell depletion
Anti-malarial

Question 20

What should be given to a antiphospholipid syndrome patient who is trying to conceive?

Answer 20

LMW Heparin or warfarin to act as an anticoagulant

Question 21

Treatment for SICCA complex Sjogren’s syndrome patient?

Answer 21

Artificial tears, frequent drinks, non-sugar pastilles

NSAIDs for arthralgia

Question 22

Treatment for Raynaud’s syndrome?

Answer 22

Calcium channel blockers

Question 23

Systemic sclerosis treatment?

Answer 23

Immunosuppression and anti-hypertensives (ACEi) and gentle skin stretching

Question 24

Polymyositis skin problems treatment?

Answer 24

Prednisolone and tacrolimus

Question 25

Treatment for vasculitis?

Answer 25

Prednisolone

Or other high dose steroids including cyclophosphamide