Revolutions Of 1848

Question 0

Edmund Burke (1729-1797)

Answer 0

Member of British parliament and author of Reflections on the Revolution in France (1790), which criticized the underlying principles of the French Revolution and argued conservative thought

Question 1

Jeremy Bentham (1748-1832)

Answer 1

British theorist and philosopher who proposed utilitarianism, the principle that the government should operate on the basis of utility, or the greatest for the greatest number

Question 2

Burschenschaften

Answer 2

Politically active students around 1815 in the German states opposing unification and democratic principles

Question 3

Carbonari

Answer 3

Italian secret societies calling for a unified Italy and republicanism after 1815

Question 4

Carlsbad Decrees (1819)

Answer 4

Repressive laws in the German states limiting freedom of speech and dissemination of liberal ideas in the universities

Question 5

Decembrist

Answer 5

Russian revolutionaries calling for a constitutional reform in the early nineteenth century

Question 6

Frederick William IV (1840-1861)

Answer 6

King of Prussia who promised and later reneged on his promises for constitutional reforms in 1848

Question 7

Francois Guizot (1787-1874)

Answer 7

Chief minister under Louis Philippe.

Guizot’s repression led to the Revolution of 1848

Question 8

Holy Alliance

Answer 8

In alliance envisioned by Alexander the first of Russia by which those in power were asked to roll in accord with Christian principles

Question 9

Louie Napoleon Bonaparte (1808-1873)

Answer 9

Nephew of Napoleon I

He came into power as president of the second French Republic in 1848

Question 10

Prince Clemens Von Metternich (1773-1859)

Answer 10

Austrian member of the nobility and chief architect of conservative policy at the Congress of Vienna

Question 11

John Stuart Mill (1806-1873)

Answer 11

British philosopher who published On Liberty (1859), advocating individual rights against government intrusion, and The Subjection of Women (1869), on the cause of women’s rights

Question 12

Poor Law of 1834

Answer 12

Legislation that restricted the number of poverty-stricken eligible for aid

Question 13

Quadruple alliance

Answer 13

Organization, made up of Austria, Britain, Prussia, and Russia, to preserve the peace settlement of 1815; France joined in 1818

Question 14

Rotten Boroughs

Answer 14

Depopulated areas of England that nevertheless sent representatives to parliament

Question 15

Zollverein

Answer 15

Economic customs union of German states established in 1818 by Prussia and including almost all German-speaking states except Austria by 1844

Question 16

Repeal of Test Act (1832)

Answer 16

Allowed Protestants who were not members of the Church of England to hold public office

Question 17

Catholic Emancipation Bill (1829)

Answer 17

Enabled Catholics to hold public office for the first time

Question 18

Reform Bill of 1832

Answer 18

Gave vote to all men who payed ten pounds in rent a year.

Eliminated the rotten boroughs

Question 19

Slavery

Answer 19

Abolished in the British Empire, 1833

Question 20

Factory Act

Answer 20

Limited children’s and adolescents workweek in textile factories

Question 21

Corn Laws

Answer 21

Repealed in 1846.

They had imposed a tariff on important grain and were a symbolic protection of aristocratic landholdings