Industrialization

Question 0

Henry Bessemer (1813-1898)

Answer 0

English men who developed the Bessemer converter, the first efficient method for the mass production of steel

Question 1

Michael Bakunin (1814-1876)

Answer 1

Radical Russian, advocated revolutionary violence. He believed that revolutionary movements should be lead by secret societies who would seize power, destroy the state and create a new social order.

Question 2

Louis Blanc (1811-1882)

Answer 2

Wrote the Organization of Work (1840) which proposed the use of competition to eliminate competition. It was the first step toward a future socialist society. Advocated the principle of “from each according to his abilities, to each according to his needs”

Question 3

Classical Liberalism

Answer 3

Middle Class (bourgeois) doctrine indebted due to the writings of the philosophes, the French Revolution, and the popularization of the scientific revolution. Its political goals were self government (concept of the general will); a written constitution; natural rights

Question 4

Ivan the Great (1462-1505)

Answer 4

The Slavic grand Duke of Moscow, he ended up nearly 200 years of Mongol domination of his dukedom. From then on he worked at extending his territories, subduing his nobles, and attaining absolute power

Question 5

Ivan the Terrible (1533-1584)

Answer 5

Earned his nickname for his great acts of cruelty directly toward all those with whom he disagreed. He became the first ruler to assume the title Czar of Russia

Question 6

Kulak

Answer 6

An independent and propertied Russian farmer

Question 7

Nicholas II (1894-1917)

Answer 7

The last Czar of the Romanov dynasty, whose government collapsed under the pressure of World War I

Question 8

Mir

Answer 8

Village commune for the emancipated serfs lived and worked collectively in order to meet redemption payments to the government

Question 9

Sofia Perovskiai

Answer 9

First woman executed for political crime in Russia; was a member of militant movement that assassinated Czar Alexander II (1881)

Question 10

Pugechev (1726-1775)

Answer 10

Head of bloody peasant revolt in 1773 that convinced Catherine the Great to throw her support to the Nobles and cease internal reforms

Question 11

Michael Romanov

Answer 11

In 1613 an assembly of nobles chose Michael as new Czar. For next 300 years Romanov family ruled in Russia

Question 12

Peter Stolypin (1862-1911)

Answer 12

Russian minister under Nicholas II who encouraged the growth of private farmers and improved education for enterprising peasants

Question 13

Sergei Witte (1849-1915)

Answer 13

Finance minister under which Russia industrialized and began a program of economic modernization
Founder of the Tran Siberian Railroad

Question 14

Zemstovo

Answer 14

A type of local government with powers to tax and make laws; essentially, a training ground for democracy, dominated by the property-owning class when established in 1864