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Revolution and Civil War Flashcards

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1
Q

Proclamation of 1763

A

forbade colonies from migrating west of Appalachian Mountains and Ohio River Valley
response: colonists were pissed because it had valuable land with rivers to trade

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2
Q

Post French and Indian War

A

British was in debt so they started taxing colonies which angered them

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3
Q

Sugar Act of 1764

A

tax on sugar, textiles, wines, indigo

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4
Q

Stamp Act of 1765

A

tax on all printed materials
response: colonists protested tax and got it repealed
formed the Sons of liberty

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5
Q

Quartering Act of 1765

A

quartering of troops
colonists didn’t want soldiers in their houses to they built barracks (private buildings)

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6
Q

boston massacre of 1770

A

tension btw colonists and the British, ended with soldiers firing and killing colonist

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7
Q

Tea Act of 1773

A

British East India Company monopolized tea in colonies (they would transport tea and sell to colonists vs only transporting it and allowing colonists to sell it)
response: Boston Tea Party where colonists dumped tea in Boston Harbor

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8
Q

Intolerable Acts

A

after Boston Tea Party, Parliament (british gov) was mad so they
- closed boston harbor (where colonists would trade)
- more control over colonies
- made colonists quarter more soldiers
response: colonists got together in first continental congress to discuss self-governance and indendence

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9
Q

Thomas Paine

A

wrote common sense where he basically said that it didn’t make sense for Britain to have control over colonies as they were functioning and governing themselves separately

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10
Q

Causes of American Revolution

A
  • heavy taxes
  • unfair trade
  • quartering of troops
  • violent British gov
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11
Q

Second Continental Congress

A

wrote Declaration of Independence
written by Thomas Jefferson

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11
Q

Second Continental Congress

A

wrote Declaration of Independence
written by Thomas Jefferson

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12
Q

Treaty of Paris of 1783

A

ended the American Revolution and granted US their independence

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13
Q

Proclamation of Neutrality

A

US will not interfere with European conflicts

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14
Q

Battle of Saratoga

A

turning point of American Revolution
- colonists won against the British which gained recognition from the French who decided to help the colonists in exchange for exclusive trade

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15
Q

Articles of Confederation

A

the form of government the colonies followed during the American Revolution
- gave more control to the states than the nation
bc of this national gov couldn’t tax, raise armies, and settle disputes, that’s why it got replaced by constitution

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16
Q

Constitutional Convention

A

where they planned the ideas that would go on the constitution

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17
Q

Federalists

A
  • supported constitution
  • believed in strong central gov
  • james madison, alexander hamilton
  • john jay wrote federalist papers
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18
Q

anti-federalists

A
  • against constitution
  • wanted more power for states
  • feared strong national power
    -Patrick henry and Thomas Jefferson
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19
Q

Bill of Rights

A
  • resolved conflicts btw federalists and antifederalists
  • protected the right of people
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20
Q

Three Fifths Compromise

A

enslaved people’s vote would count as 3/5 of a person in the Electoral College (increased representation and political power in southern states were the slave population was great)

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21
Q

Fugitive Slave Clause

A

Northwest Ordinance promised land to enslaved people that escaped to the North
because of this, the Consitution passed this clause that made any escaped slaved be returned to their owners

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22
Q

War of 1912

A

British were petty so they teamed up with Native Americans to fight against the US
- Britain started impressing American trade ships (making them a part of their navy)
- star spangled banner was written

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23
Q

Treaty of Gehnt

A

ended the war of 1912
news traveled slowly so British still attacked New Orleans where Andrew Jackson got famous for winning

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24
Q

Era of Good Feelings

A

after the war of 1812, US citizen’s patriotism grew, military heroes recognized

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25
Q

Manifest Destiny

A

westward expansion
America grew when they gained Louisiana Purchase, Oregon territory, Mexican territories, and Texas

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26
Q

Louisiana Purchase

A

Napoleon had access to it but since he was trying to take over Europe he sold it to the US for 15 million
lots of great land

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27
Q

Lewis and Clark Expedition

A

both of them were the first to explore the Louisiana Territory which had great resources, plants, and animals

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28
Q

Florida Purchase Treaty

A

The Native American Seminoles occupied most of Florida along with Spaniards and a few Americans
- War of 1812: Americans confused Creeks for Seminoles and beat them so when they got to Florida they wanted them to move but the Seminoles refused
- Seminole Wars: Seminioles killed Americans which angered the US and even though Florida was Spain’s, Andrew Jackson started killing Seminoles so Spain decided to sell the land for 5 million

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29
Q

Oregon Territory

A

British and Us lived there
northern part: American
southern part: British

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30
Q

Mexican American War

A

America took over Texas but Mexico never acknowledged their independence, so they fought for Texas

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31
Q

Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalglo

A

ended the Mexican American war
gave California, Nevada, Utah, Arizona lands to US

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32
Q

California Territory

A

gold rush
- miners worked but got none of the riches
- a large increase in population

33
Q

Indian Removal Act of 1830

A

Congress wanted to remove all of the Native Americans and put them in the Indian Territory (Oklahoma)

34
Q

Worcester v. Georgia

A

Georgia tried forcing the Cherokee Indians to remove
Cherokee sued Georgia because they said they had no right over that land
Supreme Court sided with Cherokee
Georgia ignored ruling and forced them out

35
Q

Trail of Tears

A

marches from tribes, mostly Cherokee moving to the Indian Territory
many died bc of disease, hunger, and weather

36
Q

Homestead Act

A

Congress gave settlers to land in exchange for them farming it for 5 years
Germans and Scandinavians immigrated and took advantage which meant competition for Natives since they were willing to do the job for less

37
Q

Dawes Severalty Act

A

Congress gave Natives reservation land that beloinged to tribe and they would split it into each male head of household
many immigrants took over this land since natives had no protection

38
Q

Industrial Revolution

A

Samuel Slater brought textile mill machines from Britain to US

39
Q

Robert Fulton

A

steamboat which facilitated trade
steam engine would be used in trains

40
Q

Peter Cooper

A

locomotive

41
Q

cotton gin

A

Eli Whitney

42
Q

Cyrus McCormick

A

mechanical reaper cut wheat

43
Q

John Deere

A

plow thick soil
helped farmers plant and harvest huge crope

44
Q

Missouri Compromise

A

Henry Clay made it
separated the North as abolitionists and the south as slave states
Missouri wanted to be a slave state but Maine was going to be a free state

45
Q

Compromise of 1850

A

California would be part of the union
Mexican territories could decide if they wanted to be pro or anti slavery

46
Q

Tariff of Abominations

A

tariff on imports
benefited north, south was against it

47
Q

states rights doctrine

A

because states created national gov, more power to states than nation

48
Q

nullification doctrine

A

states could nullify federal law that they thought was unconstitutional

49
Q

Wilmot proviso

A

no slavery in Mexican acquired territories, it was ignored

50
Q

Sectionalism

A

favor the interest of region vs country

51
Q

Dred Scott Case

A

was a free slave who went to Missouri a slave state and tried to fight for his freedom
Supreme Court said he was not a citizen of the US

52
Q

Civil War

A

North: against slavery
South: needed slavery for their economy

53
Q

secession

A

South Caroline wanted to leave the Union and become independent
southern states followed secession and they became the Confederation

54
Q

Jefferson Davis

A

first president of the Confederate States

55
Q

Rober E Lee

A

leader of the Confederate army

56
Q

Emancipation Proclamation

A

Abraham Lincoln declared any slave that lived in a state that was rebelling was free

57
Q

Battle of Gettysburg

A

turning point of the Civil War
Robert E Lee wanted to surprise attack North but they won the battle

58
Q

Sherman’s March to the Sea

A

Sherman was leader of Union army
-they destroyed the crops and took supplies from the South
- went to each city destroying them so it would be hard to reconstruct

59
Q

Battle of Appomattox Court House

A

south surrenders

59
Q

Battle of Appomattox Court House

A

south surrenders

60
Q

Reconstruction Era

A

south had to reconstruct their life after slavery was abolited

61
Q

Reconstruction Acts of 1867

A

slowly started to readmit the southern states to the US

62
Q

Plessy v Ferguson

A

segregation “separate but equal”

63
Q

Gilded Age

A

few got rich as they monopolized while most people were poor
huge corruption and bigger companies took over smaller ones eliminating competition

64
Q

captains of industry

A

several men that became super rich bc of industrialization

65
Q

patronage or spoils system

A

corruption where businessmen and presidents engaged in a mutual benefit relationship

66
Q

Pendleton Civil Service Act

A

tried to stop the corruption of patronage
jobs earned through merit
gov positions had to be earned

67
Q

Miguel Hidalgo

A

advocate for independence from Spain, but he wanted to return the land to natives and slavery
killed but inspired others

68
Q

Plan of Iguala

A

the Mexican’s “declaration of independence”

69
Q

Treaty of Cordoba

A

established Mexico as independent from Spain

70
Q

Old Three Hundred

A

Moses Austin secured the first empresarial grant from Spain
was going to lead 300 families to Texas but died so his son Stephen F Austin led them

71
Q

Tension btw Mexico and Tejanos

A

more tejanos (American) than Mexicans in TX
different cultures like religion caused tensions
Tejanos wanted slavery and Mexico did not
Mexico prohibited slavery but Tejanos ignored it
Mexico bans any more US immigration to TX

72
Q

Texas Revolution

A

started when Mexico asked the colonists for the canon they let them borrow agaisnt the Comanche but colonists did not want to give it back

73
Q

Battle of Gonzalez

A

started the Texas Revolutiono

74
Q

Texas Declaration of Independence

A

texas wanted their independence from mexico

75
Q

Battle of the Alamo

A

Santa Anna took the Alamo and beat Texas soldiers bad

76
Q

Battle of San Jacinto

A

Texans were pissed about the alamo so they surprise attacked Santa Anna and won
They held Santa Anna captive and made texas independent

77
Q

Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo

A

gave Texas their independence from mexico

78
Q

Annexation of Texas

A

The US took Texas as part of the US and secured the Grande River as the border to Mexico

Social Studies (6 decks)

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