Reviwer Flashcards
This term refers to a practice in the field of criminology that focuses on studying the relationship between criminal behavior and any external factors.
POSITIVISM
Its a formal idea or set of ideas that is Intended to explain how and why something happen
THEORY
.Its a severe mental deficiency and was considered, along with idiot, imbecile, and moron to be a relatively precise psychiatric classification.
FEEBLE-MINDED
He was a Swiss pastor who concluded that one could determine criminal behavior through an examination of a person’s eyes, ears, nose, chin, and facial shape.
JOHANN KASPAR LAVATER
This theory is based on the belief that human behavior originated from the brain
PSYCHOANALYTIC THEORIES
He was a German neuroanatomist and behavior originated in the brain. Physiologist who pioneered the study of the human brain as the source of mental faculties and who developed the practice of cranioscopy.
Franz Joseph Gall
He was the first to connect crime to human Evolution and was considered as the Father of Empirical (Scientific) Criminology.
CESARE LOMBROSO
This theory/practice is aimed to improve human hereditary traits by encouraging, through the distribution of incentives, “able” couples to reproduce.
POSITIVE EUGENICS
They were the first to suggest that a causal Relationship between hormones and criminal behavior exist.
SCHLAPP AND SMITH
Blood sugar levels, according to studies, revealed that it is associated with irritability, aggressive reactions and may Culminate in sexual offences, assaults and motiveless murder. What do you call this condition of having chronically reduced blood sugar caused by the excessive production of insulin.
Hypoglycemia
Preliminary studies indicate that the brains of Violent offenders and the brains of other individuals differ in both structure And function. A recent study concluded that behavioral problems may Originate in the HPA axis that connects the brain to the adrenal glands, which regulate the production of important hormones. HPA stands for____________.
Hypothalamic Pituitary Adrenal
According to Physique Theory, this type usually commits petty theft and fraud crime.
ASTHENIC
.He argued that the only way to solve crime Was by eliminating people who were morally, mentally, or physically “unfit,” or by segregating them in an environment apart from the rest of society.
Earnest Hooten
According to the Somatotype Theory, what body type is more likely to commit crime?
Mesomorph
Researchers have found out that higher levels of this hormone are associated with increased levels of violence and aggression, both in males and females. The male sex hormone being referred to is knowns as __________
Testosterone
Three classifications of body type according to William Sheldon.
1.endomorph
2.mesomorph
3. ectomorph
Four classifications of physique by Ernst Kretschmer.
1.asthenic
2.athletic
3. pyknic
4. dysplastic
Two kinds of eugenics.
POSITIVE EUGENICS
NEGATIVE EUGENICS
Three kinds of positivism by Cesare Lombroso.
- Biological positivism
- Psychological positivism
- Social positivism
Seven Steps of Scientific Method.
- Observation
- Statement of the problem
- Formulation or hypotheses
- Testing of the hypotheses using controlled experimentation
- Analyses of experimental results
- Interpretation of Data Obtained from the Testing and Analyses and the Formulation of a Conclusion.
- Publication or Dissemination of Findings to Inform Interested Populations and Future Research.
Physique Theory
Ernst Kretschmer
Physiognomy
Giambattista della Porta
Anthropological Criminology
Cesare Lombroso
The Jukes Study
Richard Dugdale
Theory of eugenics
Francis Galton
Law of enheritance
Gregor Mendel
Crime and the man
Earnest Hooten
Somatotyping
William H. Sheldon
On the Origin of Species
Charles Darwin
Handbook on Criminal Anthropology
Jacob Fries
another hormone associated primarily with female reproductive processes, such as pregnancy and menstruation.
Progesterone
2 types of positivism
INDIVIDUAL POSITIVISM
SOCIOLOGICAL POSITIVISM
3 major psychological theory
Psychodynamics
Behavioral
Cognitive
Types of Neurosis
Anxiety Disorder
Personality Disorder
Somatoform Disorder
Impulse control Disorder
Sleep Disorder
Types of Phychosis
DELUTIONAL DISORDER
MOOD DISORDER
DISSOCIATIVE DISORDER
SCHIZOPHRENIA DISORDER
Behavioral Theories
Theory of Contiguity
Classical Conditioning
Operant Conditioning
Freud’s psychosexual development
ORAL
ANAL
PHALLIC
LATENCY
GENITAL
Erikson’s psychosocial development
- Trust vs. Mistrust
- Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt
- Initiative vs. Guilt
- Industry vs. Inferiority
- Identity vs. Confusion
- Intimacy vs. Isolation
- Generativity vs. Stagnation
- Integrity vs. Despair
3 chemical
Norepinephrine
Dopamine
Serotonin
Research on neurotransmitters showed that high levels of norepinephrine, low levels of dopamine, and low levels of have been associated with aggression.
SEROTONIN
It refers to the conduct of systematic observation and the accumulation of evidence and objective fact within a deductive framework prior to creating conclusion.
POSITIVISM
