Revision Sessions Flashcards
What are the 3 dimensions in the acoustic analysis of speech?
- Time (temporal) Timing of acoustic events e.g VOT, Word utterance durations)
- Frequency (Spectral) e.g Fundamental frequency, Formant frequencies
- Amplitude
What is quasi periodic voicing?
When there are minor variations from cycle to cycle so the voicing is not strictly periodic.
What voice qualities have a combination of sources 1 and 2?
Breathy voice quality, Whispery voice quality and harsh voice quality.
What are the primary and secondary filters of nasalised vowels?
Primary filter is the supralaryngeal VT and the secondary filter is the nasal cavity
What are the primary and secondary filters of nasal consonants ?
the primary filter is the nasal cavity whilst the secondary filter is the supralaryngeal VT?
Why is VOT longer before Front vowels?
A transglottal pressure difference is required before voicing can begin.
If the pressure above the glottis is too great, voicing cannot take place. Pressure therefore has to fall in order for voicing to commence, constrictions for vowels like[i] are more acute than for exampe [3] (neutral)
-takes longer for the air to escape upon the release of a plosive like [p] in a context like [pi] compared to [p3]
the differences between Voiced fricatives vs voiceless fricatives?
In voiced fricatives the frication is weaker and generally shorter
In voiceless fricatives the frication is stronger and generally longer
What is Fundamental frequency?
The frequency at which the vocal folds vibrate (about 120 hz for men and 220 hz for women)
What are harmonics?
The harmonics are multiples of F0 e.g F0 of 120 hz will have harmonics at 120, 230 , 360 etc..
What are the 2 independant processes which occur as a result of puberty in males? how do they affect F0 and F1,2 and 3?
Vocal folds increase in length , decreasing F0
The larynx lowers increasing the length of the vocal tract and drecreasing formant frequencies
