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My Gastrointestinal > Revision extras > Flashcards

Revision extras Flashcards

1
Q

What nerve supplies the muscles of mastication?

A

trigeminal nerve

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2
Q

What level are the coeliac trunk, SMA and IMA?

A

T12
L1
L3

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3
Q

What is a cholestatic pattern of LFT?

A

high ALP and gGT

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4
Q

What is a hepatic pattern of LFT?

A

high AST and ALT

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5
Q

What drug can cause gingival hyperplasia?

A

calcium channel blockers

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6
Q

What is a bird beak appearance on a Barium swallow?

A

achalasia

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7
Q

What disease has large amounts of IgA?

A

Coeliac disease

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8
Q

What are the main gastrointestinal causes of an acute abdomen?

A
  • Acute appendicitis
  • Acute pancreatitis
  • Acute peptic ulcer
  • Acute diverticulitis
  • Leaking AAA
  • Bowel perforation
  • Volvulus
  • Acute cholecystitis
  • Acute intestinal ischaemia
  • Peritonitis
  • Strangulated hernia
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9
Q

What are the investigations for cholecystitis?

A

US

further clarification with MRCP and/or ERCP

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10
Q

What are the investigations for pancreatitis?

A

elevated serum amylase

US to see gallstones and possible biliary obstruction

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11
Q

What are the investigations for a perforation in the bowel?

A 
erect CXR (will show the gas in the subphrenic region)
CT can show complications from this
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12
Q

What are the investigations for appendicitis?

A

US

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13
Q

What are the investigations for diverticulitis?

A

CT for diagnosis which will show inflammatory changes and associated complications

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14
Q

What are the investigations for a distended abdomen?

A

bowel source= AXR and CT will show cause

fluid= US

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15
Q

What are the investigations for haematemesis?

A

endoscopy and a biopsy
then CT with IV contrast (not oral) which is coupled with an intervention
eg angiography

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16
Q

What are the investigations for dysphagia?

A

endoscopy which shows both a functional and a pathological cause

17
Q

What are the investigations for a change in bowel habit?

A
  • PR with the examination
  • CT colonography is important (virtual colon images)
  • suspicion of IBD is investigated with endoscopy
18
Q

What is MRI used for?

A

only for those who have diagnosed small bowel Crohn’s

19
Q

What are the investigations for jaundice?

A
  • decide type (eg post-hepatic)
  • blood tests to determine hepatic or cholestatic picture
  • US
  • then MRCP +/- ERCP (stenting can be done with ERCP)
  • maybe US guided biopsy, - CT is used to confirm tumour presence in the liver

My Gastrointestinal (18 decks)

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