Oral disease Flashcards
What is the epidemiology of oral cancer?
- common in Scotland
- presents over 50
- increasing prevalence with increasing age
What are the causes of oral cancer?
tobacco
alcohol
HPV
candida
What are the high risk sites for cancer?
soft sites: ventral tongue or floor of mouth
lateral tongue
What are the warning signs for oral cancer?
red, white or red and whit lesions numb feeling change in voice dysphagia unexplained pain drooping double vision block or bleeding nose swelling
What are the main questions to ask about a possible oral cancer?
- How long have you had it?
- Is it painful?
- Do you smoke or drink?
- What colour is it?
What is oral ulceration?
discontinuity in the oral mucosa which can present as a solitary ulcer or multiple ulcers
What are the causes of a solitary ulcer?
- trauma eg physical or chemical
- malignancy eg oral squamous cell carcinoma
- infectious eg TB or syphilis
What are the causes of multiples ulcers?
- recurrent aphthous ulceration (RAU can be major, minor or herpetiform)
- bechets
- anaemia
- herpes
- lichen planus (spidery)
- lupus erythematosus
- VB disease (pemphigus vulgarisms or pemphigoid)
What are the manifestations of Crohn’s in the mouth?
- cobble-stoning of mucosa
- linear ulceration
- tags or polyps
- swelling
What are the manifestations of UC in the mouth?
- oral ulceration
- pyostomatitis vegetans
- angular stomatitis
What are the types of white patches?
- wipe off: thrush or candidiasis
- don’t wipe off: trauma, dysplasia, neoplasia
What are the causes of oral pigmentation?
- racial
- melanoma
- malignancy
- smoking
- Addison’s disease
What is Sjodren?
dry eyes and mouth
What are the two main causes of dental erosion?
GORD
bulimia
What can leukaemia cause in the mouth?
gum enlargement bleeding ulcers malignant cells disease due to immunocompromise
