Revision = cranial nerves

Question 1

What is meant by general sensation?

Answer 1

pain, temperature, pressure etc.

Question 2

What is meant by special sensation?

Answer 2

Sensations like; sight, smell, hearing, taste and touch.

Question 3

What type of muscles do cranial nerves innervate?

Answer 3

Skeletal muscles

Question 4

What does the first cranial nerve innervate?

Answer 4

Special sensation = smell

Question 5

What does the second cranial nerve innervate?

Answer 5

Special sensation = vision

Question 6

What does the oculomotor cranial nerve innervate?

Answer 6

Motor function = medial rectus, superior rectus, inferior rectus and inferior oblique
Parasympathetic fibres = to the pupil of the eye

Question 7

What cranial nerve causes provides parasympathetic fibres to the pupil of the eye and what does this cause?

Answer 7

Oculomotor, causes focussing of the lens

Question 8

What does the trochlear cranial nerve innervate?

Answer 8

Motor function = superior oblique and trochlear

Question 9

What does the trigeminal cranial nerve innervate?

Answer 9

General sensation = muscles of the face and mouth

Motor function = muscles of mastication

Question 10

What does the abducens cranial nerve innervate?

Answer 10

Motor function = lateral rectus

Question 11

What does the facial cranial nerve innervate?

Answer 11

Special sensation = taste to anterior 2/3 of tongue
Motor function = muscles of facial expression and stapedius muscle
Parasympathetic fibres = nasolacrimal, sublingual and submandibular salivary glands

Question 12

What does the vestibulocochlear cranial nerve innervate?

Answer 12

Special sensation = hearing

General sensation = acceleration and positioning

Question 13

What does the glossopharyngeal cranial nerve innervate?

Answer 13

Special sensation = taste to posterior 1/3 of tongue
General sensation = posterior tongue, pharynx and eustachian tube
Motor function = stylopharyngeus muscle
Parasympathetic fibres = parotid gland

Question 14

What does the vagus cranial nerve innervate?

Answer 14

Special sensation = taste of the pharynx and epiglottis
General sensation = ???
Motor function = muscles of the pharynx and larynx
Parasympathetic fibres = cardiovascular, pulmonary, GI

Question 15

What does the accessory cranial nerve innervate?

Answer 15

Motor function = Sternocleidomastoid and trapezius muscles

Question 16

What does the hypoglossal cranial nerve innervate?

Answer 16

Motor function = the intrinsic and extrinsic muscles of the tongue

Question 17

Which cranial nerves provide parasympathetic fibres?

Answer 17

Vagus, glossopharyngeal, facial and oculomotor

Question 18

What passes through the optic canal? (2)

Answer 18

Ophthalmic artery and optic cranial nerve

Question 19

What passes through the superior orbital fissure? (5)

Answer 19

Oculomotor cranial nerve
Trochlear cranial nerve
Ophthalmic branch of trigeminal nerve
Abducens
Superior ophthalmic vein

Question 20

What passes through the foramen rotundum? (1)

Answer 20

Maxillary branch of trigeminal nerve

Question 21

What passes through the foramen ovale? (1)

Answer 21

Mandibular branch of the trigeminal nerve

Question 22

What passes through the internal acoustic meatus? (3)

Answer 22

Facial cranial nerve
Vestibulocochlear cranial nerve
Labyrinthine artery

Question 23

What passes through the jugular foramen? (4)

Answer 23

Internal jugular vein
Glossopharyngeal cranial nerve
Vagus cranial nerve
Accessory cranial nerve

Question 24

What passes through the foramen magnum? (1)

Answer 24

Vertebral arteries

Question 25

What passes through the hypoglossal canal? (1)

Answer 25

Hypoglossal cranial nerve

Question 26

What passes through the foramen spinosum? (1)

Answer 26

Middle meningeal artery

Question 27

What passes through the carotid canal? (1)

Answer 27

Internal carotid artery

Question 28

What passes through the ethmoidal foramen (/cribriform plate)? (3)

Answer 28

Olfactory cranial nerve
Ethmoidal artery
Ethmoidal vein