Revision Flashcards
Unicellular ??
A unicellular organism, also known as a single-celled organism, is an organism that consists of only one cell, unlike a multicellular organism that consists of more than one cell
What are the benefits of a small SA:V ratio
-faster rate of absorption
What are the benefits of a large SA:V ratio
- More efficient/ faster exchange of substances across the cell membrane eg cell waste products moving out of the cell, nutrients moving into the cell.
What is surface area to volume ratio??
SA:V, is the amount of surface area per unit volume of an object or collection of objects
Define isotonic
having the same concentration of dissolved substances as the solution to which it is compared
Define hypotonic
having a lower concentration of dissolved substances than the solution to which it is compared
Define hypertonic
having a higher concentration of dissolved substances than the solution to which it is compared
Define aerobic respiration
the breakdown of glucose to simple inorganic compounds in the presence of oxygen and with release of energy that is transferred to ATP
Define anaerobic respiration
respiration that occurs without
the involvement of oxygen; the end products of anaerobic respiration in human muscle are lactic acid and carbon dioxide
What is an autotrophs?
organisms that, given a source of energy, can produce their own food from simple inorganic substances; also known as producers
What are heterotrophs?
organism that ingests or absorbs food in the form of organic material from their environment; also known as a consumer
What is the mamalain system
The mammalian respiratory system equilibrates air to the body, protects against foreign materials, and allows for gas exchange.
What is an adaptation
BIOLOGY
the process of change by which an organism or species becomes better suited to its environment.
“living in groups is an adaptation to increase the efficiency of hunting”
What is a physiological adaptation?
Physiological Adaptations are internal systematic responses to external stimuli in order to help an organism maintain homeostasis.
What is a structural adaptation?
Structural adaptations are physical features of an organism like the bill on a bird or the fur on a bear.
What is a behavioural adaptation?
Behavioral adaptations are the things organisms do to survive. For example, bird calls and migration are behavioral adaptations. Adaptations are the result of evolution. Evolution is a change in a species over long periods of tim
Malfunctions of homeostasis
Diabetes
Dehydration
Biodiversity meaning
total variety of life forms, their genes and the ecosystems of which they are a part; biodiversity can relate to planet Earth or to a given region
Food chain
one kind of representation to show chemical energy ow within an ecosystem beginning with producers
Food web
one kind of representation of energy ow in an ecosystem; a food web comprises interrelated food chains
Define symbiosis
prolonged association between di erent species in a community in which at least one partner bene ts; includes parasitism, mutualism and commensalism
Multicellular ??
Multicellular organisms are organisms that consist of more than one cell, in contrast to unicellular organisms.
All species of animals, land plants and most fungi are multicellular, as are many algae, whereas a few organisms are partially uni- and partially multicellular, like slime molds and social amoebae such as the genus Dictyostelium.
