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EBP > Revised Chapter 11 Only Terms > Flashcards

Revised Chapter 11 Only Terms Flashcards

1
Q

What is a theoretical frequency distribution of all possible values in a population

A

Normal curve

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2
Q

The cutoff point is referred to as alpha (a), or the _______ which is the probability level at which the results of statistical analysis are judged to indicate a statistically significant difference between the groups.

A

Level of significance

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3
Q

The level of significance selected for most nursing studies is______. If the p value found in the statistical analysis is less than ______, the experimental and comparison groups are considered to be significantly different

A

0.05; 0.05

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4
Q

Type ______error (α) occurs when the null hypothesis is rejected when it is true. (e.g., when the results indicate that there is a significant difference, when reality there is not) (false positive)

A

I

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5
Q

Type _____ error (β) occurs when the null hypothesis is regarded as true but is in fact false (e.g., The results indicate there is no significant difference, when in reality there is a difference) (false negative

A

II

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6
Q

Technique used to determine the risk of type II error so that the study can be modified to decrease the risk of necessary and ensure that the study has adequate sample size.

A

Power analysis

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7
Q

Conducting a power analysis includes what four things:

A
  1. The level of significance (α = 0.05)
  2. Sample size
  3. Power (minimum acceptable power is = 0.80 (80%)
  4. Effect size (> 0.50 : large)
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8
Q

What are summary statistics that allow the researcher to organize data in ways that give meaning and facilitate insight

A

Descriptive statistics

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9
Q

Describes the occurrence of scores or categories in a study

A

Frequency

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10
Q

What are the three types of frequency distributions:

A

Ungrouped frequency distributions
Grouped frequency distributions
Percentage distributions

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11
Q

What are the measures of central tendency:

A

Mean
Median
Mode

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12
Q

What is the numerical value that occurs with the greatest frequency :

A

Mode

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13
Q

What is the midpoint or the score at the exact center of the ungrouped frequency distribution (50th percentile:

A

Median

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14
Q

What is the sum of the scores divided by the number of scores being summed

A

Mean

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15
Q

What are the measurements of dispersion

A 
Range
Variance
Standard deviation
Confidence interval
Standardized scores
Scatterplots
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16
Q

Simplest method of dispersion, which is obtained by subtracting the lowest score from the highest score

A

Range

17
Q

The _____ for scores in a study is calculated with a mathematical equation and indicates the spread or dispersion of the scores

A

Variance

18
Q

What is the square root of the variance ?

A

Standard deviation

19
Q

When the probability of including value of the population within an interval estimate is known, it is refereed to as _______.

A

Confidence interval

20
Q

Raw scores are transformed into _____ scores

A

Standardized scores

Most common is z= scores

21
Q

is a visual representation of data, on a scaled graph, with two axes. Used to display matched values- height versus weight, for instance. Unless drawn to scale, a _______ is only fairly good at displaying dispersion, and provides no quantification

A

Scatterplots

22
Q

_____ statistics are designed to address objectives, questions, and hypothesis in studies to allow inference from the study sample to the target population

A

Inferential statistics

23
Q

What are the three tests for examining differences:

A

Chi-square
T-test
Analysis of variance (ANOVA)

24
Q

What test determines whether two variables are independent or relation; test can be used with nominal or ordinal data.

A

Chi-square test

25
Q

One of the most common analyses conducted to test for significant differences between two samples is the ______ .

A

T-test

26
Q

Is a parametric statistical technique conducted to examine differences among three or more groups

A

Analysis of variance (ANOVA)

27
Q

What is used for predicting outcomes

A

Regression

28
Q

Is used to predict the value of one variable when the value of one or more other variables is known

A

Regression analysis

29
Q

What are the statistics conducted for examining relationships

A

Pearson product- moment correlation

Factor analysis

30
Q

What is the inferential analysis technique conducted to examine bivariate correlations in studies.

A

Pearson product-moment correlation

31
Q

What is commonly used to examine the interrelationships among large numbers of items on a scale and disentangles those relationships to identify clusters of items that are most closely linked.

A

Factor analysis

EBP (9 decks)

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