Reviews and Guidelines EBP Flashcards
What are the strongest forms of evidence?
Has at least one systematic review or at least 1 properly designed R.C.T.
Evidence from well designed trials w/out randomisation
Another way:
- cochrane systematic review - Other syst review and meta analysis - evidence guidelines - evidence summaries
How do reviews help in evidence based decision making?
Summarising and synthesising evidence
Identifying best practices
Evaluating risk and benefit
Informing policy developments
Public engagement
Strengthening accountability
List the types of reviews within evidence synthesis
Narrative review
Scoping review
Systematic review
Systematic review - meta analysis
Rapid review
What are some pros/cons about a narrative review?
traditional
lacks structure and protocol
Opinion driven?
What are some pros/cons about a scoping review?
Useful when research area is broad and diverse
Maps and summarise breadth of literature
What does a systematic review do?
answer a specific RQ by rigorously identifying, appraising, synthesizing existing research studies that meet predefined criteria
What does a systematic -meta analysis review do?
Systematic review + generation of new data from collapsing primary studies data (meta analysis)
What is a rapid review?
accelerated form of evidence synthesis that aims to provide timely and relevant information to inform decision making
What are the 6 key steps to a systematic review process?
Plan = method, RQ, planning
Search
Screen
Evaluate
Analyse
Communicate
List the steps involved in the development of systematic review
State objective of review and outline eligibility criteria
comprehensively search for trials
Tabulate characteristics of each trial identified and assess method quality
Apply eligibility criteria and justify any exclusions
Analyse results of eligible RCT using statistical analysis synthesis of data
Provide interpretation of results, strength/limitation of included study
Prep critical summary of review, aims, describing material, report results
Prove implication of research and practice in conclusion
What is PRISMA?
“Preferred reporting item for systematic reviews and meta analysis”
tool used to develop and critically appraise the quality of a systematic/meta analysis review
List some data sources for writing systematic reviews
Medical database (medline, cochrane)
Other medical or paramedical databases
foreign language literature
grey literature = non-peer reviewed literature, theses, pharmaceutical industry files)
References listed in primary resources
Unpublished sources know to experts in the field
Raw data from published trials
List the forms of bias commonly seen in reviews
Language bias
Selection bias
Publication bias
What is language bias?
Using only articles published in the author’s primary language –> may affect results of review
What is selection bias in reviews?
Selective screening of studies for inclusion
How reduce = review authors should be blinded to: names of study authors (avoid political/personal issue), institution of publication, results of studies