Reviewer

Question 1

Science is an organized body of knowledge, wisdom, and experiences concerning the natural and physical world. It includes attitudes, processes, and skills through which scientific knowledge is formed.

Answer 1

Pawilen, 2006

Question 2

Science involves observation, identification, description, experimental investigation, and theoretical explanation of natural phenomena.

Answer 2

American Heritage Dictionary Definition

Question 3

Science is an ongoing theoretical dialogue with nature, developing increasingly powerful models to explain a wider range of phenomena.

Answer 3

Snir et al. (2003)

Question 4

Science is a way of understanding the world and human interaction within it.

Answer 4

Cobern (1993)

Question 5

Science is a human endeavor that helps individuals make sense of their environment and develop a worldview.

Answer 5

Watters and Diezmann (2003)

Question 6

Science is an individual and social activity aimed at understanding the natural world.

Answer 6

Gribbin (2003)

Question 7

Science is both a cultural and an individual process of thought.

Answer 7

Cajete (1999)

Question 8

Science is related to scientific literacy, including processes, skills, concepts, and communication based on reason.

Answer 8

Bybee (1997); Their & Daviss (2000)

Question 9

Science is a unique form of conversation within a societal system at a given time.

Answer 9

Bakhtin’s View on Science

Question 10

Science is based on concepts like energy, mass, and entropy, involving model development and key epistemological features.

Answer 10

Scott, Asoko, & Leach (2007)

Question 11

Science is:

Answer 11

An idea
A personal and social activity
A course or field of study
An intellectual activity

Question 12

Known for his heliocentric model of the universe.

Answer 12

Nicolaus Copernicus

Question 13

Venus and Mercury orbit inside Earth’s orbit, closer to the Sun.

Mars, Saturn, and Jupiter orbit outside Earth’s orbit, farther from the Sun.

Answer 13

Copernicus’ Model

Question 14

Proposed the theory of evolution, which changed views on the world’s creation.

Answer 14

Charles Darwin

Question 15

“A genius from an intellectually gifted and wealthy family.”

Answer 15

Johnson (2012) on Darwin

Question 16

Renowned in psychology.

Answer 16

Sigmund Freud

Question 17

“A towering literary figure and talented communicator who raised psychological awareness.”

Answer 17

Rosenfels (1980) on Freud

Question 18

Freud’s psychoanalysis successfully explained neurological conditions unknown to medicine at the time.

Answer 18

Weiner (2016) on Freud

Question 19

Includes Central America, from southern Mexico to South America’s border. Known for its rich culture and indigenous knowledge system.

Answer 19

Mesoamerica

Question 20

Excelled in astronomy, predicted eclipses, and used astronomical cycles for agricultural planning.

Answer 20

Mayan Civilization