Biodiversity and the Healthy Society

Question 1

It refers to the variety of life on Earth

It includes everything from tiny organisms like bacteria and genes to large ecosystems like
forests, oceans, and coral reefs.

Answer 1

Biodiversity

Question 2

Biodiversity means ______ ______.

Answer 2

biological diversity

Question 3

“bios” means ____
”diversitas” means ______

Answer 3

life; variety

Question 4

The differences in DNA within individuals of the same species. It is the basis for adaptation and evolution, allowing species to survive environmental changes, resist diseases, and improve reproduction.

Answer 4

Genetic Biodiversity

Question 5

Measures the number of different species in a particular area or across the world. A higher species diversity means a more resilient and stable ecosystem.

Answer 5

Species Biodiversity

Question 6

The variety of ecosystems, including different habitats, biological communities, and ecological processes.

Answer 6

Ecosystem Biodiversity

Question 7

Types of Biodiversity

Answer 7

Genetic Biodiversity
Species Biodiversity
Ecosystem Biodiversity

Question 8

Importance of Biodiversity in Ecosystem

Answer 8

Pollination
Seed Dispersal
Climate Regulation
Water Purification
Nutrient Cycling
Natural Pest Control
Ecosystem Stability and Resilience
Food Chain

Question 9

It is the death of all members of a species of plants, animals, or other organisms.
Recent studies estimate about eight million species on Earth, of which at least 15,000 are threatened with —.

Answer 9

Extinction

Question 10

Extinct Species

Answer 10

Passenger Pigeon
Dodo Bird
Steller’s Sea Crow
Tasmanian Tiger
Baiji White Dolphin
Golden Toad

Question 11

Major Causes of Extinction

Answer 11

Overexploitation of natural resources
Habitat destruction
Pollution
Global climate change

Question 12

The total number of genetic characteristics within a species, enabling populations to adapt to changing environments and resist diseases.

Answer 12

Genetic Diversity

Question 13

A decline in genetic diversity, known as _______ _______, diminishes a species’ ability to survive environmental changes, leading to increased vulnerability and potential extinction.

Answer 13

Genetic Erosion

Question 14

Causes of Genetic Diversity Loss

Answer 14

Habitat Fragmentation
Population Declines
Inbreeding
Selective Breeding and Monocultures

Question 15

Ecosystems rely on the interactions of countless species to perform natural processes that sustain life on Earth.

Answer 15

Ecosystem Functions

Question 16

The benefits humans derive from them are known as

Answer 16

Ecosystem Services

Question 17

Causes of Alterations in Ecosystem Functioning and Services under HUMAN ACTIVITIES

Answer 17

Deforestation
Pollution
Climate Change
Overfishing and Hunting
Urbanization

Question 18

Causes of Alterations in Ecosystem Functioning and Services under NATURAL CAUSES

Answer 18

Natural Disasters
Wildfires
Disease Outbreaks

Question 19

It is an ecological area where specific species of plants, animals, and other organisms live and interact with one another and their environment.

Answer 19

Habitat

Question 20

It occurs when natural environments, such as forests, wetlands, and grasslands, are destroyed or significantly altered.

Answer 20

Habitat Loss

Question 21

Habitat loss is called _______ __________ when humans destroy the natural shelters of the wildlife.

Answer 21

Habitat Destruction

Question 22

Causes of Habitat Loss

Answer 22

Deforestation
Agriculture and Monoculture Farming
Urbanisation and Urban Sprawl
Mining and Industrial Activities
Pollution and Industrial Waste
Climate Change and Invasive Species

Question 23

Effects of Habitat Loss on Biodiversity

Answer 23

Species Extinction
Loss of Keystone Species
Ecosystem Collapse
Disruption of Food Chains
Reduced Genetic Diversity
Loss of Habitat Connectivity

Question 24

This refers to changes in the natural structure of species and their interactions within an ecosystem.

Answer 24

Alteration in Ecosystem Compostion

Question 25

The causes for alteration of ecosystems can be classified into two primary categories:

Answer 25

Natural Causes Anthropogenic (human-caused) causes

Question 26

NATURAL causes for alteration of ecosystems

Answer 26

Volcanic eruptions Floods Wildfires Wildstorms Landslides

Question 27

ANTHROPOGENIC causes for alteration of ecosystems

Answer 27

Habitat destruction Deforestation Pollution Invasive species Overexploitation

Question 28

Non-native species introduced intentionally or accidentally. Thrive aggressively in new ecosystems due to lack of predators. Major threat to biodiversity

Answer 28

Invasive Species

Question 29

Effects of Invasive Species

Answer 29

Competition for Resources Predation on Native Species Alteration of Food Chains Alteration of Habitat Conditions Spread of Diseases/Parasites

Question 30

Harvesting natural resources at a rate that exceeds Earth's ability to replenish them

Answer 30

Over-Exploitation

Question 31

Key Activities in Over-Exploitation

Answer 31

Overhunting Overfishing Deforestation Mining

Question 32

Catching fish faster than they can reproduce Leads to a decline in fish populations

Answer 32

Overfishing

Question 33

Illegal hunting/capturing of wild animals Causes significant population declines

Answer 33

Hunting & Poaching

Question 34

Impacts of Over-Exploitation

Answer 34

Climate Change Acceleration Decline in Ecosystem Services Economic & Social Impacts

Question 35

The emission of harmful agents (toxic chemicals, waste) into the environment. Causes irreversible damage to species, ecosystems, and human health.

Answer 35

Pollution and Contamination

Question 36

Types of Pollution

Answer 36

Water Pollution Air Pollution Soil Pollution

Question 37

Contamination of rivers, lakes, oceans, and groundwater Makes water unsafe for humans, animals, and ecosystems

Answer 37

Water Pollution

Question 38

Presence of harmful substances (gases, dust, smoke, chemicals) in the air Negatively affects human health, animals, and the environment

Answer 38

Air Pollution

Question 39

Contamination of soil with chemicals, heavy metals, pesticides, and industrial waste Makes soil toxic for plants, animals, and humans

Answer 39

Soil Pollution

Question 40

Effects of Pollution and Contamination on Biodiversity

Answer 40

Animal Health Human Health Population Decline

Question 41

A long-term change in Earth's weather patterns, including shifts in temperature, precipitation, and other atmospheric conditions over decades or longer

Answer 41

Global Climate Change

Question 42

Threats of Global Climate Change to Biodiversity

Answer 42

Habitat Loss and Destruction Relocation of Species Breeding and Migration Cycle Disruptions

Question 43

Ecological Consequences

Answer 43

Ecosystem Imbalance Loss of Ecosystem Services Increased Vulnerability to Climate Change

Question 44

Economic Impact

Answer 44

Decline in Agriculture and Fisheries Tourism Damage Higher Disaster Costs Medical Costs

Question 45

Social Impact

Answer 45

Threats to Indigenous Communities Food and Water Scarcity Health Issues Cultural Loss

Question 46

Nutrition and biodiversity are linked at many levels:

Answer 46

The ecosystem, with food production as ecosystem service Species in the ecosystem Genetic diversity within species

Question 47

Environment Related Illnesses

Answer 47

Heart Disease Asthma Cancer Diabetes Malaria Respiratory Infections

Question 48

A chronic respiratory disease where the airways become inflamed and narrow, causing difficulty breathing.

Answer 48

Asthma

Question 48

A range of conditions affecting the heart, such as coronary artery disease, heart attacks, and heart failure.

Answer 48

Heart Disease

Question 49

Uncontrolled growth of abnormal cells in the body that leads to tumors.

Answer 49

Cancer

Question 50

A condition that impairs the body's ability to regulate blood sugar levels, leading to high glucose levels in the blood.

Answer 50

Diabetes

Question 51

A mosquito-borne infectious disease caused by Plasmodium parasites, characterized by fever, chills, and flu-like symptoms.

Answer 51

Malaria

Question 52

Infections that affect the respiratory system, such as pneumonia and bronchitis.

Answer 52

Respiratory Infections