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Introduction To Agriculture > Reviewer > Flashcards

Reviewer Flashcards

1
Q

Which civilization is credited with the beginning of agriculture around 10,000 BCE?

A

Early Fertile Crescent societies

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2
Q

What was the Neolithic Revolution primarily known for?

A

The shift from hunter-gatherer societies to settled farming communities

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3
Q

Which early agricultural society is known for introducing irrigation and plow agriculture?

A

Sumerians

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4
Q

What was one of the major agricultural advancements during the Roman Empire?

A

Introduction of the iron plow

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5
Q

Which period is associated with significant agricultural innovations in Han China?

A

1,000 BCE – 500 CE

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6
Q

Who is known as the “Father of the Green Revolution”?

A

Norman Borlaug

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7
Q

What did the Islamic Agricultural Revolution introduce to Europe and Asia?

A

Advanced irrigation techniques and new crops such as rice and sugarcane

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8
Q

What was a key feature of medieval European agriculture?

A

The development of the three-field crop rotation system

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9
Q

Which event led to the exchange of crops, animals, and diseases between the Old and New Worlds?

A

The Columbian Exchange

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10
Q

Who invented the seed drill, a significant agricultural advancement?

A

Jethro Tull

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11
Q

What was the primary goal of the Agricultural Revolution in Britain?

A

To increase agricultural productivity and efficiency

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12
Q

Which technology was NOT part of the Industrialization of Agriculture in the 19th and early 20th centuries?

A

Row cultivation

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13
Q

What is one of the key features of modern agriculture?

A

Use of genetically modified organisms (GMOs)

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14
Q

Which organization is known for promoting sustainable agricultural practices globally?

A

The Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO)

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15
Q

What was the impact of the Green Revolution on global agriculture?

A

Increase in food production through high-yielding crop varieties and advanced techniques

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16
Q

Who were the key figures in the early development of modern mechanized agriculture?

A

John Deere and Cyrus McCormick

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17
Q

What significant change occurred during the Medieval European agriculture period?

A

Adoption of the three-field rotation system

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18
Q

Which crops were introduced to Europe through the Columbian Exchange?

A

Potatoes and maize

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19
Q

What was a major agricultural advancement of the Islamic Agricultural Revolution?

A

The development of advanced irrigation techniques

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20
Q

Which technological innovation was a key feature of the Agricultural Revolution in Britain?

A

The introduction of the mechanical reaper

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21
Q

What was a primary crop cultivated by indigenous Filipinos before Spanish colonization?

A

Rice

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22
Q

Which colonial power introduced cash crops such as sugarcane and tobacco to the Philippines?
*

A

Spanish

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23
Q

What was the purpose of the encomienda system established by the Spanish in the Philippines?
*

A

To collect tribute and provide protection

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24
Q

Which American reform aimed to encourage private land ownership among Filipinos?
*

A

Public Land Act of 1902

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25
Q

What significant agricultural institution was established in 1909 during the American period?
*

A

University of the Philippines College of Agriculture

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26
Q

Which high-yielding rice variety, developed in the 1960s, was known as “Miracle Rice”?

A

IR8

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27
Q

What major agrarian reform program was initiated in 1988 under Republic Act No. 6657?

A

Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Program (CARP)

28
Q

Who was the first director of the International Rice Research Institute (IRRI)?

A

Dr. Robert Chandler

29
Q

Which decree, issued during Martial Law, aimed to provide rice and corn lands to tenant farmers?

A

Presidential Decree No. 27

30
Q

Which of the following was NOT a major challenge faced by the Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Program (CARP)?

A

Excessive funding

31
Q

What is the focus of the Rice Competitiveness Enhancement Fund (RCEF) under the Rice Tariffication Law (RA 11203)?

A

Enhancing rice production competitiveness

32
Q

Which Filipino agricultural figure emphasized “New Thinking for Agriculture” in recent years?

A

Secretary William Dar

33
Q

What was one of the primary crops introduced by the Spanish colonizers to the Philippines?

A

Coffee

34
Q

What is the primary purpose of the Department of Agriculture (DA) in the Philippines?

A

To enhance food security and modernize agriculture

35
Q

Which agricultural reform law aimed to protect tenant farmers’ rights in the 1950s?

A

Agricultural Tenancy Act of 1954

36
Q

What is one major challenge facing Philippine agriculture today?

A

Aging farmer population

37
Q

During which period was the International Rice Research Institute (IRRI) founded?

A

Post-War Period

38
Q

What was a major focus of the Green Revolution in the Philippines?

A

Increasing high-yielding rice varieties

39
Q

What organization was established to oversee agrarian reform programs during Martial Law?

A

Department of Agrarian Reform (DAR)

40
Q

Which term refers to the agricultural practice of clearing land by burning vegetation?

A

Slash-and-burn (Kaingin)

41
Q

What is the fundamental characteristic of capitalism?

A

Private ownership of the means of production

42
Q

Which economic system relies on decentralized, competitive, and voluntary decisions for economic planning?

A

Capitalism

43
Q

What is the essential feature that drives capitalism?

A

The motive to make a profit

44
Q

What is the primary advantage of capitalism in resource allocation?

A

Efficient allocation of capital resources

45
Q

Which system is characterized by the state ownership and management of the vital means of production?

A

Socialism

46
Q

What is one of the cons associated with capitalism?

A

Incentives for corruption

47
Q

Who primarily benefits from capitalism?

A

Investors

48
Q

Which economic system is known for creating social inequalities and wealth disparities?

A

Capitalism

49
Q

What drives innovation in a capitalist system?

A

Competition

50
Q

What distinguishes capitalism from free enterprise?

A

Ownership of production factors

51
Q

Agriculture as an industry primarily focuses on:

A

Commercial-scale production and distribution

52
Q

The primary importance of agriculture to the Philippine economy is:

A

Food security and livelihoods

53
Q

Which of the following is NOT a key sector of Philippine agriculture:

A

Manufacturing

54
Q

A major challenge faced by the Philippine agricultural industry is:

A

Natural disasters

55
Q

Agricultural science involves the study of:

A

Economic, social, and environmental factors

56
Q

Biotechnology in agriculture is used for:

A

Developing genetically modified organisms (GMOs)

57
Q

Precision agriculture utilizes:

A

GPS, sensors, and data analysis

58
Q

Agricultural research and development is conducted by:

A

Government institutions, universities, and private sector

59
Q

Agriculture as a profession encompasses roles such as:

A

Scientists, engineers, and marketers

60
Q

The primary goal of agricultural education is to:

A

Prepare individuals for careers in agriculture

61
Q

Agricultural extension workers primarily focus on:

A

Educating farmers on new techniques

62
Q

The Philippine Society for Agricultural Science (PSAS) is a professional organization for:

A

Agricultural scientists and researchers

63
Q

Sustainable farming practices aim to:

A

Conserve natural resources

64
Q

Climate change poses a significant threat to agriculture because of:

A

Reduced crop yields and livestock productivity

65
Q

The future of Philippine agriculture depends on:

A

Investing in research and development

Introduction To Agriculture (4 decks)

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