Chapter 2. Introduction To Agriculture And Ecosystem Flashcards
, as a critical driver of human civilization, plays an indispensable role in sustaining societies by providing food, employment, and raw materials
Agriculture
, defined as communities of living organisms interacting with their physical environment, vary widely based on climate, geography, and human influence.
Ecosystems
Components of ecosystem
Includes both biotic (living) and abiotic (non-living) factors.
These ecosystems can be basically classified as
Close Ecosystem and Open Ecosystem
Other classifications of ecosystem
: A. natural ecosystems and man-made ecosystems.
B. Terrestrial Ecosystems, Aquatic Ecosystems, Urban Ecosystems.
exchanges energy butnotmatterwith its surroundings – it is self-contained (e.g. mesocosm);
closed ecosystem
closed ecosystem example
. mesocosm
exchangesbothenergy and matter with surrounding environments (e.g. a natural ecosystem
open ecosystem
open ecosystem example
a natural ecosystem)
is self-sustaining and results from spontaneous natural reaction.
Natural Ecosystem
It is a natural unit consisting of all
plants, animals and microorganism
A place where plants and animals are dependent upon one another. This includes:
Forests
Grasslands
Wetlands
play a crucial role in carbon sequestration, water regulation, and biodiversity conservation.
Forests
Example of Forests
Tropical rainforests in the Philippines.
These ecosystems are vital for livestock farming, particularly in regions like the North American prairies and the African savannas.
Grasslands
Examples of grassland
African savannas
support rice farming, a staple crop in many Asian countries, including the Philippines.
Wetlands
emphasizes the need for sustainable wetland management to maintain their ecological and agricultural functions.
The Ramsar Convention (2018)
Example of Wetlands
Agusan Marsh in the Philippines.
. Artificial ecosystem are created by human beings. Where management, balance of the nature is disturbed regularly.
Man-Made Ecosystem
Examples of Man made Ecosystem
sugarcane, rice-fields, wheat, gardens, dams, and aquariums.
The basic biotic and abiotic components are defined by man in
artificial ecosystem.
This may also include in Man made Ecosystem
Urban Areas
Agricultural Lands:
is gaining traction as a means to enhance food security and sustainability in densely populated cities.
Urban agriculture