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Elle Flashcards - Hematology 2 > Reviewer > Flashcards

Reviewer Flashcards

1
Q

Stages of Hemostasis

A

Vasoconstriction
Primary Hemostasis
Secondary Hemostasis
Fibrinolysis

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2
Q

secretes vWF and tissue factor (F3)

A

Endothelial cells

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3
Q

causes fibrinolysis, activates plasminogen

A

tPA

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4
Q

stops platelet aggregation

A

Prostacyclin

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5
Q

injury to subendothelial wall/ exposed collagen, vWF attaches to collagen with GPIb (Platelet Adhesion), Platelets attach and produce GIIb/IIIa and fibrinogen (Platelet aggregation)

A

Platelet activation

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6
Q

-APTT
-Factors 12,11,9,8
-HMWK activates 12a and 11a
-Activated by collagen

A

Intrinsic Pathway

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7
Q

-PT
-Factor 7, 3
Tissue factor (3) causes factor 7 activation

A

Extrinsic pathway

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8
Q

-starts at Factor 10
-Prothrombin converts to thrombin

A

Common pathway

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9
Q

-converts fibrinogen to fibrin
-activates Factor 13 to support fibrin clot
-Activates Protein C

A

Thrombin

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10
Q

Vitamin K dependent factors

A

2, 7, 9, 10

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11
Q

Prothrombin group

A

2, 7, 9, 10

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12
Q

Fibrinogen group

A

1, 5, 8, 13

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13
Q

plasminogen activates plasmin to dissolve clot

A

Fibrinolysis

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14
Q

-attacks fibrin to degrade it into FDP and D-dimers
-Fibrinogen goes into FDP
-Fibrin goes into D-dimers

A

Plasmin

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15
Q

-neutralizes thrombin, 9a, 10a, 11a, 12a, and plasmin
-heparin acts as cofactor to stop coagulation

A

Antithrombin inhibitor

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16
Q

-most potent fibrinolytic inhibitor
-alpha-2 antiplasmin
-neutralizes plasmin when clot is gone

A

Antiplasmin inhibitor

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17
Q

complexes with Protein S

A

Protein C

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18
Q

-cofactor to APC
-inactivates 5a and 8a

A

Protein S

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19
Q

-in vivo assessment of platelet function
-screens for von Williebrand disease

A

Bleeding time

20
Q

-measures platelet function on chart
-ADP, Epinephrine, collagen, ristocetin and arachidonic acid
-AA: aspirin ingestion screening

A

Platelet aggregometry

21
Q

screen for inhibitors/factor deficiency in extrinsic or common pathway

A

PT

22
Q

screen for inhibitors/factor deficiency in intrinsic or common pathway

A

APTT

23
Q

-Factor 10 inhibition
-monitors heparin therapy

A

Anti-Xa assay

24
Q

-measures common pathway, hypofibrinogenemia, hyper fibrinogenemia.
-conversion to fibrinogen to fibrin
-Most sensitive for heparin

A

Thrombin Time

25
Q

-measures functional fibrinogen levels
-decrease= DIC, fibrinogen lysis, liver disease

A

Fibrinogen assay

26
Q
  • mix patient sample with normal plasma to correct factor deficiencies
    -No correction= inhibitor present
A

Mixing studies

27
Q

determines which factor is deficient

A

Factor Assay

28
Q
  • measures Factor 8 inhibitors
    -Hemophilia A patients
A

Bethesda titer assay

29
Q

initial LUPUS anticoagulant screen

A

drVVT

30
Q

measure platelet aggregation

A

vWF testing

31
Q
  • 5M Urea Test
    -detects abnormal clot formation due to Factor 13
A

Factor 13 screening test

32
Q

fibrin degradation
monitor for DIC

A

D-Dimer

33
Q
  • decrease will cause poor response to heparin
    -DIC, liver disease
A

Antithrombin

34
Q

-screens for Factor 5 Leiden
-cannot degrade Factor 5 Leiden
-results in prolonged coagulation and clot formation

A

APCR

35
Q
  • defect in collagen production
    -Increase BT
A

Ehlers-Danlos syndrome

36
Q

-decrease vitamin C
-causes vessel defects

A

Scurvy

37
Q

-autoantibodies take platelets to spleen
-decrease platelets

A

Immune thrombocytopenia

38
Q

-common side effect of Unfractionated heparin
-heparin binds to F4

A

Heparin Induced thrombocytopenia

39
Q

-decrease vWF production
-nosebleeds, increase BT, variable APTT
-abnormal Ristocetin in aggregation (correct when vWF added)

A

vonWilliebrand’s disease

40
Q

-lacks GPIb to bind to vWF
-thrombocytopenia, abnormal platelet morphology/function, increase BT
-Abnormal Ristocetin in aggregation

A

Bernard-Souliers

41
Q

-defective GPIIb/IIIa
-normal platelet count, increase BT, abnormal clot retraction
-Abnormal ADP, collagen, and epinephrine in aggregation

A

Glanzmann’s thrombosthenia

42
Q

-decrease ADP release
-Increase BT
-Abnormal ADP, collagen, and epinephrine in aggregation

A

Storage Pool Disease

43
Q

-decrease alpha granules
-increase BT, mild thrombocytopenia
-normal aggregation

A

Gray platelet syndrome

44
Q

-inactivates cyclooxyrgenase enzyme
-increases BT
-destroys platelet permenantly

A

Aspirin

45
Q

-factor 8 deficiency
-spontaneous bleeding, easy bruising, family history
-Increase APTT
Perform mixing studies and factor assay

A

Hemophilia A

Elle Flashcards - Hematology 2 (4 decks)

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