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Blood Bank Test 3a > Review Sheet Information > Flashcards

Review Sheet Information Flashcards

1
Q

Genotype Phenotype Frequency

MM

A

Genotype Phenotype Frequency

MM M 28%

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2
Q

Genotype Phenotype Frequency

MN

A

Genotype Phenotype Frequency

MN MN 50%

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3
Q

Genotype Phenotype Frequency

NN

A

Genotype Phenotype Frequency

NN N 22$

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4
Q

MN antibodies are mostly this class

A

cold reactive IgM (some IgG)

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5
Q

MN antibodys react best at (cooler/warmer) temperatures

A

cooler

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6
Q

Do MN antibodies fix complement?

A

No

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7
Q

Are MN antibodies implicated in HDNF and HTF

A

rarely

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8
Q

Anti-M reacts best at what pH?

A

6.5

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9
Q

Do MN antibodies suffer from dosage effect?

A

Yes

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10
Q

Are MN antibodies destroyed by enzymes?

A

Yes

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11
Q

What phase and temp are MN antigens usually observed?

A 
Initial Spin
Room Temperature (or colder)
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12
Q

What phase and temp is anti-N usually observed?

A 
Initial Spin
Room Temperature (or colder)
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13
Q

S antibodies are usually what class?

A

IgG

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14
Q

What phase and temp are S antigens usually observed?

A

AHG

Some at 37

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15
Q

Do S antigens fix complement?

A

Yes

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16
Q

Are S antigens implicated in HDNF and HTR?

A

HDNF

Sever HTR

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17
Q

Are S antigens subject to the dosage effect?

A

No

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18
Q

Are S antigens destroyed by enxymes?

A

S (ficin and papain)

s maybe

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19
Q

S-s-U- individuals form

A

anti-U

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20
Q

Is anti-U implicated in HDFN and HTR?

A

Yes

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21
Q

N-U- patients form this antibody

A

anti-“N” (N quotes)

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22
Q

N-U- patients who form anti-“N” must recieve these types of cells

A

M+N-S-s-U-

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23
Q

What are the 3 main P system antigens?

A

P
P1
Pk

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24
Q

Which two blood group systems are related to the P system?

A

ABH

I

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25
Q

P antibodies are this class

A

IgM

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26
Q

P antigens react best at this temperature in this medium

A

RT and below

saline

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27
Q

Do P antigens fix complement?

A

Yes

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28
Q

Are P antigens implicated in HDFN and HTR?

A

No

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29
Q

Paroxysmal cold hemoglobinuria (Donath Landsteiner test) and spontaneous abortions are characteristics of this antibody

A

anti-P

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30
Q

Parasitic infections are a characteristic of this antibody

A

Anti-P1

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31
Q

Spontaneous abortions in early pregnancy a characteristic of this antibody

A

Anti-PP1Pk

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32
Q

Individuals resistant to infection from uropathogenic E.coli and the parvo virus are lacking

A

P system antigens

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33
Q

Storage on the P antigen leads to

A

rapid deterioration

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34
Q

Name the two main antigens in the Lutheran system and their frequency.

A

Lu^a: 8%

Lu^b: 99.8%

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35
Q

Which of these antibodies are very rare? Why
Anti-Lu^a
Anti-Lu^b

A

anti-Lu^b is rare because Lu^b is a high frequency antigen

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36
Q

Lu^a antibody class

A

IgM or IgG

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37
Q

Lu^b antibody class

A

IgG

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38
Q

Lutheran (Lu) antigens phase and temperature.

A

AGH

37 degrees

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39
Q

Do Lu antibodies fix complement?

A

Some

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40
Q

Are Lu antibodies implicated in HDNF and HTR?

A 
Mild HDNF (antigens poorly developed at birth)
Mild HTR
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41
Q

Kell Blood Group
Symbol Name Frequency
K

A

Kell Blood Group
Symbol Name Frequency
K Kell 9%

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42
Q

Kell Blood Group
Symbol Name Frequency
k

A

Kell Blood Group
Symbol Name Frequency
k Cellano 99.8%

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43
Q

Kell Blood Group
Symbol Name Frequency
Kp^a

A

Kell Blood Group
Symbol Name Frequency
Kp^a Penny 2% (Caucasians)

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44
Q

Kell Blood Group
Symbol Name Frequency
Kp^b

A

Kell Blood Group
Symbol Name Frequency
Kp^b Rautenberg 99.9%

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45
Q

Kell Blood Group
Symbol Name Frequency
Js^a

A

Kell Blood Group
Symbol Name Frequency
Js^a Sutter 20% (African American)

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46
Q

Kell Blood Group
Symbol Name Frequency
Js^b

A

Kell Blood Group
Symbol Name Frequency
Js^b Matthews 99%

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47
Q

What are the high frequency Kell antigens?

A

Cellano
Rautenberg
Matthews

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48
Q

What are the low frequency Kell antigens?

A

Penny

Sutter

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49
Q

Kell antibody class

A

IgG (some are IgM in early detection)

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50
Q

Kell antigen phase and temperature

A

AHG

Some K at 37

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51
Q

Do Kell antigens bind complement?

A

20% bind complement

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52
Q

Are Kell antigens implicated in HDFN and HTR?

A

Both- sever

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53
Q

What is the most commonly seen immunogenic antibody after ABO and Rh?

A

anti-Kell

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54
Q

Only males suffer from this phenotype with decreased expression of k, Js^b, and Kp^b

A

McLeod

55
Q

Syndrome that shows abnormal RBCs, reduced serum haptoglobin, spleenomegaly, muscular abnormalities, and increased Ck-MM bands

A

McLeod phenotype

56
Q

This system is unique because it is a system of genetically determined water-soluble antigens manufactured by tissue cells and secreted into body fluids. Antigens are adsorbed from the plasma onto the RBCs

A

Lewis System

57
Q

Lewis Blood Group System
Phenotype C AA
Le(a-b+)

A

Lewis Blood Group System
Phenotype C AA
Le(a-b+0 72% 55%

58
Q

Lewis Blood Group System
Phenotype C AA
Le(a+b-)

A

Lewis Blood Group System
Phenotype C AA
Le(a+b-) 22% 23%

59
Q

Lewis Blood Group System
Phenotype C AA
Le(a-b-)

A

Lewis Blood Group System
Phenotype C AA
Le(a-b-) 6% 22%

60
Q

Which Lewis phenotype is found in newborns?

A

Le(a-b-)

61
Q

What Lewis antigens can be found in newborn saliva?

A

Depending on the genes inherited, Le^a and Le^b

62
Q

What Lewis antigens are detectable in newborn plasma?

A

None (no Le antigens on newborn RNCs)

63
Q

What 3 genes are the Lewis phenotype dependent on?

A

ABO
Secretor
Le

64
Q

Describe Le^a inheritance

A

ABO and Lewis gene; gene codes for L-fucosyltransferase that adds L-fucose to basic precursor substances on tissue cells= Le^a soluble substances

65
Q

Describe Le^b inheritance

A

ABO, Lewis gene and Secretor gene; ABH, Le^a and Le^b substances in secretions

66
Q

Lewis antibody class

A

IgM

67
Q

Lews phase and temperatureq

A

saline

RT

68
Q

Do Anti-Le^a fix complement?

A

Yes

69
Q

Do Anti-Le^b fix complement?

A

No

70
Q

Lewis antibodies do not cause HDNF because

A

Newborns have Le(a-b-) phenotype (does not cross placenta)

71
Q

Name the condition where Lewis antibodies are frequently encountered and then disappear when the condition is over

A

Pregnancy

72
Q

What substance neutralizes Lewis Blood Group Substances. Where is it found?

A

Lewis Blood Group Substances

saliva or plasma

73
Q

Duffy System
Phenotype C A
Fy(a+b-)

A

Duffy System
Phenotype C A
Fy(a+b-) 18% 0.9%

74
Q

Duffy System
Phenotype C A
Fy(a+b+)

A

Duffy System
Phenotype C A
Fy(a+b+) 49% 1.3%

75
Q

Duffy System
Phenotype C A
Fy(a-b+)

A

Duffy System
Phenotype C A
Fy(a-b+) 34% 22%

76
Q

Duffy System
Phenotype C A
Fy(a-b-)

A

Duffy System
Phenotype C A
Fy(a-b-) 0.01% 68%

77
Q

Duffy antibody class

A

IgG

78
Q

Duffy phase

A

AHG

79
Q

Duffy fix complement?

A

Yes

80
Q

Are Duffy antibodies implicated in HDFN and HTR

A

HDNF Yes

HTF (sometimes delayed)

81
Q

Do Duffy antigens suffer from dosage effect?

A

Yes

82
Q

Are Duffy antigens destroyed by enzymes?

A

Yes

83
Q

This Duffy phenotype shows resistance to Plasmodium vivax (malaria)

A

Fy(a-b-)

84
Q

Why is the Duffy Fy(a-b-) phenotype resistant to malaria?

A

Merozoites can only invade Fy(a+) or Fy(b+) cells with normal antigens present (survival of the fittest)

85
Q

Kidd System
Phenotype C AA Asia
Jk(a+b-)

A

Kidd System
Phenotype C AA Asia
Jk(a+b-) 26.3 51.1 23.22

86
Q

Kidd System
Phenotype C AA Asia
Jk(a+b+)

A

Kidd System
Phenotype C AA Asia
Jk(a+b+) 50.3 40.8 49.94

87
Q

Kidd System
Phenotype C AA Asia
Jk(a-b+)

A

Kidd System
Phenotype C AA Asia
Jk(a-b+) 23.4 8.1 26.84

88
Q

Kidd System
Phenotype C AA Asia
Jk(a-b-)

A

Kidd System
Phenotype C AA Asia
Jk(a-b-) <0.01 0.9 to .1

89
Q

Kidd antibody class

A

IgG

90
Q

Kidd reacg completion phase

A

AGH

91
Q

Do Kidd antibodies fix complement?

A

Yes

92
Q

How do you detect weak example of Kidd activating complement?

A

polyspecific AGH

93
Q

Are Kidd antibodies implicated in HDNF and HTF?

A

Mild HDFN

HTR (DELAYED)

94
Q

Name 3 reasons the Kidd system is hard to work with in Blood Bank

A

Shows dosage
Found in combination w/ other antibodies
Weak reactions

95
Q

What are the two main antigen pairs in the Diego system?

A

Di^a and Di^b

Wr^a and Wr^b

96
Q

What are the two main antigen pairs in the Cartwright system?

A

Yt^a

Yt^b

97
Q

Cartwright antibody class

A

IgG

98
Q

Do Carwright antibodies bind complement?

A

Yes

99
Q

Carwright reaction phase

A

AHG

100
Q

Are Cartwright antibodies implicated in HDNF and HTR?

A

Subclinical HDNF

No HTF

101
Q

What are the two main antigens in the Xg system?

A

Xg^a

CD99

102
Q

Xg^a antibody class

A

IgG

103
Q

Xg^a reaction phase

A

AHG

104
Q

Are Xg^a antibodies implicated in HDNF and HTR?

A

No

105
Q

Name the 5 main antigens in the Scianna system

A

Sc1
Sc2
Sc3

106
Q

Dombrock antibody class

A

IgG

107
Q

Dombrock reaction phase

A

AHG

108
Q

Are Dombrock antibody implicated in HDNF and HTR?

A

HDNF (mild or subclinical)

No HTR

109
Q

Name the 5 main antigens of the Dombrock system

A 
Do^a
Do^b
Hy
Gy^a
Jo^a
110
Q

Chido/Rodgers antibody class

A

complement C4 component adsorbed onto membrane

111
Q

Chido/Rodgers reaction phase

A

polyspecific AHG

112
Q

Implicated in HTF?

A

No HTR

Anaphalyactic reactions

113
Q

What are the two main antigens of the Chido/Rodgers Blood Group System?

A

Ch

Rg

114
Q

Why are Ch and Rg so different from other red blood cell antigens

A

Ch and Rg are part of the 4th component of Complement, and are adsorbed on to RBC membranes. They are seen in anaphalactic reactions of complement deficient persons

115
Q

Gerbich antibody class

A

IgG

116
Q

Gerbich reaction phase

A

AHG

117
Q

Do Gerbich antibodies fix complement?

A

Rarely

118
Q

Are Gerbich antibodies implicated in HDNF or HTR?

A

No

119
Q

What are the 3 main antigens of the Gerbich system

A

Ge2
Ge3
Ge4

120
Q

What are the 11 high and low frequency antigens in the Cromer system?

A

High: Cr^a, Tc^a, Dr^a, Es^a, WESb, UMC, GUT1
Low: Tc^b, Tc^c, WES

121
Q

Cromer antibody class

A

IgG

122
Q

Cromer reaction phase

A

AHG

123
Q

Are Cromer antibodies implicated in HDFN and HTR?

A

No HDFN

Yes HTR

124
Q 
Know these names
Knops
Indian
Ok
Ralph
JMH
A 
Knows
Indian
Ok
Raph
JMH
125
Q

Describe the development of the I antigen

A

Infants rich in little i at birth, decreases in first 18 months of life. Adult cells are rich in I with trace amounts of little i

126
Q

I antibody class

A

IgM

127
Q

I reaction phase and temp

A

Saline

4 degrees C

128
Q

Do I antibodies fix complement?

A

No

129
Q

Are I antibodies implicated in HDFN or HTR?

A

No

130
Q

Why is anti-I hard for the blood banker? How do you solve this?

A

Can mask other antibodies

Anti-I can be adsorbed out using patients enzyme treated RBCs and then plasma retested

131
Q

Name 2 conditions where anti-I may be increased/present

A

Cold agglutinin disease

Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection

132
Q

Name one condition associated with anti-I

A

Infectious Mononucleosis

133
Q

What is the threshold for a high incidence antigen?

A

90% or greater of the population has it

Blood Bank Test 3a (7 decks)

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