General Information and MNS Blood Group

Question 1

The International Society of Blood Transfusions classify antigens according to…

Answer 1

Blood Group Systems
Collections
Independent antigens

Question 2

How many blood group systems are recognized?

Answer 2

30

Question 3

How does ISBT label blood group systems?

Answer 3

ISBT 001-030

Question 4

1 or more antigens that are controlled at a single locus or by 2 or more closely linked homologous genes with little or no observable recombination between them is called a…

Answer 4

blood group system

Question 5

Groups of antigens that have phenotypic, biochemical, or genetic relationships, but there are not enough data to demostrate independence from other systems are called

Answer 5

collections

Question 6

Low incidence independent antigens are members of the __________ series (<1%)

Answer 6

700

Question 7

High incidence independent antigens are members of the _________ series (>90%)

Answer 7

901

Question 8

Obsolete antigen numbers which are retire, get ________.

Answer 8

Reclassified

Question 9

RBC antigens (carbohydrates or proteins) are carried on what 3 types of molecules?

Answer 9

Glycoproteins
Glycolipids
Proteins

Question 10

ABO, Lewis, H, I, and P are all which type of antigens?

Answer 10

Carbohydrate

Question 11

What can help identify carbohydrate antigens (such as ABO, Lewis, H, I, and P)?

Answer 11

The immunodominant sugar and it’s linkage

Question 12

These carrier molecules are oriented with both the N- and C- termini inside the membrane

Answer 12

Multi-pass

Question 13

These carrier molecules are oriented with the N-terminus outside (type 1) or inside (type 2) the membrane

Answer 13

Single-pass

Question 14

Single pass carriers with the N terminus outside the membrane

Answer 14

Type 1

Question 15

Single pass carriers with the N terminus inside the membrane

Answer 15

Type2

Question 16

The linkage between protein antigens on different carrier molecules and the membrane

Answer 16

Glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)

Question 17

Which phenotypes are used to study the function of carrier molecules?

Answer 17

Null

Question 18

Mary and Nancy is used to distinguish _____ antigens because they are hard to distinguish when speaking.

Answer 18

MN Antigens

Question 19

This was the second human blood group to be discovered.

Answer 19

MNSs Blood Group (002)

Question 20

This duo discovered M and N antigens while injecting rabbits with human RBCs.

Answer 20

Landsteiner and Levine

Question 21

This duo discovered the S antigen

Answer 21

Walsh and Montgomery

Question 22

The person discovered the s antigen

Answer 22

Levine

Question 23

This person discovered the u antigen

Answer 23

Weiner

Question 24

The MNS system proteins are carried by …

Answer 24

2 sialoglycoproteins (SGP) molecules
OR
hybrid molecules of SGP produced by the GYPA and GYPB genes

Question 25

GYPA and GYPB produce molecules which are rich in sialic acid. These are called

Answer 25

glycophorins

Question 26

M and N antigens are carrier on glycophorin _.

Answer 26

A

Question 27

S, s, and u antigens are carried on glycophorin _.

Answer 27

B

Question 28

M and N antigens are easily detroyed by ___ and ___.

Answer 28

Ficin | Papain

Question 29

What are the 4 haplotypes (genetic combination inherited from parents) of the MNSs system (002)?

Answer 29

MS Ms NS Ns

Question 30

U (universal antigen) if found in all Caucasians and __% of African Americans.

Answer 30

99.7%

Question 31

U (universal antigen) is a member of what blood group?

Answer 31

MNSs (002)

Question 32

What number does the ISBT assign the MNSs blood group system?

Answer 32

002

Question 33

To be U negative, you must be

Answer 33

S-s- (S negative, s negative)

Question 34

S-s-U- (S neg, s neg, U, neg) is called ____.

Answer 34

GPB deficiency

Question 35

GPB deficiency is caused by a deletion of __ and __.

Answer 35

GYPB | GYPE

Question 36

This verion of the N antigen is found on most cells because it GPB and GPA are very similar

Answer 36

"N" called N quotes

Question 37

Deleted genes of GPA or GPB or both result in ...?

Answer 37

En(a-)

Question 38

Which antisera sources should be used to type for M & N antigens?

Answer 38

Human sources Monoclonal sources N lectin (Vicea graminea)

Question 39

Which plant lectin is used to type for N antigens?

Answer 39

Vicea graminea

Question 40

Are M and N antibodies naturally occuring?

Answer 40

Yes

Question 41

Anti-M antibodies are usualy found in

Answer 41

multiparous women

Question 42

Anti-M reacts best at a pH of

Answer 42

6.5

Question 43

Anti-N antibodies are usually found in

Answer 43

dialysis patients (stimulus if formaldehyde indiced)

Question 44

Do MN antibodys cause HDN?

Answer 44

They can if they are IgG, but most are IgM

Question 45

Do MN antibodys bind complement?

Answer 45

No

Question 46

Are MN antibodies enhanced by enzymes?

Answer 46

No (they are destroyed by enzymes)

Question 47

Are MN antibodies subject to the dosage effect?

Answer 47

Yes, antibodys will react more strongly to an RBC that is carrying a double dose antigen (MM or NN)

Question 48

A person who lacks and N antigen, lacks the amino-terminal end of Glycophorin B, and therefore also lacks

Answer 48

"N" antigen

Question 49

The S antigen is destroyed by

Answer 49

Ficin and Papain (not typsin)

Question 50

The s antigen is detroyed may or may not be destroyed by

Answer 50

Ficin and Papain (not typsin)

Question 51

An absent U antigen (S-s-U-) or GPB deficiency is almost exclusive to what race?

Answer 51

African Americans

Question 52

SsU antibodies are Ig_, and react best at __ degrees C

Answer 52

IgG, 37

Question 53

If you are testing anti-S and anti-s with enzyme treated cells, what would the outcome be?

Answer 53

Anti-S would NOT react | Anti-s may or may not react

Question 54

Since anti-S and anti-s are IgG antibodies, they are clinically significant because they may cause

Answer 54

HDNF

Question 55

Can anti-S and anti-s bind complement?

Answer 55

Yes

Question 56

Do anti-S antibodies show dosgae effect?

Answer 56

Yes

Question 57

Anti-En^a are what type of antibodies? Why is this significant?

Answer 57

IgG, HDNF (reacts at 37 degrees C)

Question 58

S-s- individuals are at risk of HDNF because they may form this antibody

Answer 58

anti-U (universal antigen)

Question 59

M+N-S-s-U- cells are the only options for people who are

Answer 59

N-U-