Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Motor speech disorders > Review questions for Exam 1 > Flashcards

Review questions for Exam 1 Flashcards

1
Q

The pt presents with tongue atrophy & fasiculations. Upon tongue protrusion, the tongue deviates to the right. Your best estimation is that it is a: ________________ (UMN or LMN) lesion and that the lesion is on which side (left or right).

A

LMN lesion on the right

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

The pt presents with spasciticy. Upon tongue protrusion, the tongue deviates to the right. Is the lesion UMN or LMN lesion? The lesion is on which side?

A

UMN lesion on the left

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

The jaw hangs open at rest with little strength to resist closing. Describe lesion.

A

Bilateral V. Don’t know if it is UMN or LMN with this info

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

The jaw deviates to the right side. With this information can you tell which is the side of weakness? Which is the side of lesion?

A

Yes – the side of weakness is the right side. But you can’t tell which is the side of lesion because you don’t know if it is UMN or LMN.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

There is a single UMN lesion on the right side that affects the Vth nerve. Will there be a significant effect on speech?

A

Jaw will deviate or be weaker on the left side. The effect on speech will be minimal.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Are UMNs part of the CNS?

A

Yes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Are LMNs part of the Final Common Pathway?

A

Yes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Do LMNs originate in the cortex?

A

NO, they originate in brainstem and spinal cord.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Do UMNs (including both DAP and IAP) terminate at the synapses either in the brain stem or spinal cord?

A

Yes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

A pt presents with a “flutter” in the cheeck area. What cranial nerve is implicated?

A

Facial Nerve (VII)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

In assessing AMRs, which sound/syllable will most likely be affected with VIIth nerve damage?

A

Puh

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

With bilateral VIIth nerve lesions pts may have difficulty saying bilabials, what is the likely substitution?

A

lingual phonemes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Which nerve innervates the stylopharyngeus muscles? What does this muscle do?

A

Glossopharyngeal NerveIXth, elevates pharynx for speech & swallowing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Pt complains of pain going down back of throat. Which cranial nerve is implicated?

A

Glossopharyngeal nerve (IX)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Pt presents with hypernasality. Which cranial nerve is implicated?

A

Primarily pharyngeal branch of Xth.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Which intrinsic laryngeal muscle is the primary pitch changer? Which nerve innervates it?

A

Cricothyroid, Superior laryngeal branch of Xth.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Which will have a more significant effect – a lesion on the recurrent laryngeal nerve or a lesion above the pharyngeal nerve?

A

Lesion on the recurrent laryngeal nerve.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

An axon that originates from a motor neuron on the part of the motor cortex that controls the jaw will descend through the corticobulbar tract to synapse with which cranial nerve?

A

Vth Trigeminal Nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Which subsystems can dysarthria effect?

A

All systems.

  • Articulation
  • resonance
  • prosody
  • respiration
  • phonation
20
Q

At which anatomic level (supratentorial, etc.) do cranial nerves III – XII originate?

A

Posterior fossae

21
Q

Which cells form myelin in CNS?

A

Oligdendroglia cells

22
Q

Name the structures that make up the basal ganglia?

A

a. Globus Pallidus
b. Striatum
i. Putamen
ii. Caudate Nucleus
c. Lentiform nucleus – composed of globus pallidus & putamen.

23
Q
  1. Define Focal:
A

found in single area.

24
Q

Define multifocal:

A

found in more than one area.

25
Q

Define diffuse:

A

involve bilateral symmetric parts of nervous system, such as dementia, where there is generalized cerebral atrophy

26
Q

Define Upper Motor Neuron

A
  • cell bodies in motor cortex and their descending axonal processes that synapse on cranial and spinal neurons.
  • Originate in cerebral cortex (upper brain levels)
27
Q

Define Lower Motor Neuron

A

motor nuclei through which central nervous system sends impulses to muscles (and glands)
-Originate in brainstem or spinal cord

28
Q

Describe the innervation to the Trigeminal Nerve

A

BIlateral innervation
Provides sensory information about face, jaw, lip and tongue
Provides motor functions to jaw, muscles of mastication, tensor veli palatini, tensor tympani, mylohyoid (extrinsic laryngeal muscle involved in moving larynx)

29
Q

What are the lobes of the cerebellum?

A

anterior
posterior
flocculondular

30
Q

What is the midportion of the cerebellum called?

A

vermis

31
Q

The cortex is the ______ of the cerebrum.

A

outer layer (bark)

32
Q

Ridges in the cerebrum is ______.

A

gyri

33
Q

The valleys in the cerebrum are called _____.

A

sulci

34
Q

Bells palsy is a unilateral or bilateral lesion.

A

unilateral

35
Q

linguals usually substitute for what sounds?

A

bilabials

36
Q

If patient complains of pain going back of throat the CN affected is….

A

glossopharyngeal

37
Q

What are the speech tasks used to assess glossopharyngeal nerve

A

IX glossopharyngeal nerve cannot be assessed with speech tasks

38
Q

what is the function of the palatoglossus?

A

pull down the soft palate and raise the back of the tongue

39
Q

you want soft palate lower for ______ sounds

A

nasal

40
Q

why would you have dyplophonia

A

vocal folds vibrating at two different vibrations because one is paralyzed

41
Q

unilateral lesion of the pharyngeal branch would look like what in terms of soft palate symptoms

A

palate would be hanging low on one side

42
Q

Bilateral recurrent laryngeal nerve can cause what not voice related

A

stridor

43
Q

One function of CN XI (Accessory)

A

head and neck, and assist in elevating velum

44
Q

Unilateral lesion to hypoglossal nerve

A

deviates to weak side

45
Q

Another word for multiple cranial nerve damage?

A

bulbar palsy

46
Q

List of Duffys of characteristics that associate with flaccid dysarthria

A 
hypernasality
isolated articulatory impression
nasal emission
atrophy
fasiculations

Motor speech disorders (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions