review one (3)

Question 1

what do control rods do

Answer 1

absorb neutron

Question 2

what does a moderator do

Answer 2

slows down neutron

Question 3

are analogue signals easier or harder to remove

Answer 3

harder

Question 4

what is 91 NM in N

Answer 4

0.091N

Question 5

what is 10N in KG

Answer 5

1 KG

Question 6

Electromagnetic radiation can affect the human body.
Discuss how excessive exposure to electromagnetic radiation may cause damage to
the human body.
Refer to the different parts of the electromagnetic spectrum in your answer.

Answer 6

MP1. excessive exposure is caused by high intensity or 
high amplitude or
long period of exposure; 

. MP2. radio waves (probably) don’t cause harm to human bodies; 

. MP3. microwaves can cause (internal) heating of body (cells); 

. MP4. IR can cause surface burns to skin; 

. MP5. visible can cause vision impairment; 

MP6.UV can cause skin cancer;
MP7.x-rays can {mutate/kill} cells inside the body;
MP8.gamma can {mutate/kill} cells inside the body;

Question 7

Describe the process of nuclear fission.

Answer 7

Nuclear fission is the splitting of a large atomic nucleus when a nucleus absorbs a neutron so an unstable nucleus splits and energy is released

Question 8

Describe the process of nuclear fusion

Answer 8

Nuclear fusion is the joining of two atomic nuclei to form a larger one

Question 9

The air temperature decreases while the foghorn emits sound waves of a constant frequency.
Explain how this decrease in temperature affects the wavelength of the sound waves?

Answer 9

speed (of sound) decreases (with temperature); 
so wavelength decreases (with temperature); 


Question 10

Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of using a nuclear power station to generate electricity.

Answer 10

any two advantages:
. MP1. idea that fuel will last for a long 
time; 

. MP2. high energy density of fuel; 

. MP3. no CO2 emissions / no greenhouse gases / does not contribute to global warming / does not produce acid rain; 

. MP4. reliable electricity output / does not depend on weather; 

any two disadvantages:
. MP5. waste products are radioactive / 
difficult to dispose of; 

. MP6. chance of nuclear accident; 

. MP7. high security risk; 

. MP8. high construction / decommissioning cost;