gases

Question 1

Explain why a hot balloon expands

Answer 1

As temperature rises, the particles have more energy

Particles have more KE

Particles move faster

More collisions per unit time AND particles collide with more force

Pressure = force / area

Increased pressure on the inside of the balloon, with same pressure on the outside results in greater forces on inside compared to outside of balloon - balloon skin stretches outward

Question 2

What are the control variables for the Boyles’ Law investigation where the volume of a gas was measured as the pressure was varied?

Answer 2

Moles or mass of gas

Temperature of gas

Question 3

How does a gas exert pressure of the inside of a balloon

Answer 3

1. Gas particles are moving fast and freely
2. They collide with the walls of the balloon
3. They exert a force of the wall of the balloon
4. Pressure = force / area
5. Particles exerting a force on the area of the balloon creates a pressure.

Question 4

What happens to the pressure of a gas if the volume is halved?

Explain why this happens.

Answer 4

As volume is halved, pressure is doubled

There are the same number of particles as the volume is halved

OR double the number of particles per unit volume

Pressure = force / area

Double the number of collision per unit time per unit area.

Question 5

What happens to the particles of a gas when they are heated?

Answer 5

The particles gain energy

KE of particles increases

Particles move faster