astrophysics

Question 1

What happens to the orbital speed of an child on a roundabout in a park if the child halves their distance to the centre of the roundabout?

Answer 1

v = 2πr / T

If radius is halved, orbital velocity is halved for the same time period.

Question 2

What is a galaxy?

Answer 2

A large collection of stars- made of billions of stars rotating about a central point

Question 3

What type of orbit does a comet have?

Answer 3

Very ellipitcal- with the Sun or star at one focal point.

Question 4

What happens to the movement of a comet during one complete orbit?

Answer 4

A comet accelerates towards the star. The comet is travelling at its highest velocity as it whips round the star. As it moves away from the star it decelerates. At the furthest distance from the star the comet will be travelling at its slowest velocity.

Question 5

What type of orbit does a satellite have?

Answer 5

Circular orbit around the Earth

Question 6

when is gravitational pool at its weakest closer to the sun or further away from the sun

Answer 6

Gravitational pull decreases as distance between celestial objects increases.

Question 7

What is the name of our galaxy?

Answer 7

The Milky Way

Question 8

how is a star formed

Answer 8

when gravity pulls dust and gasses together

Question 9

put in order 
white dwarft 
star is formed when gravity pulls dust and gasses together 
the star expands to a red giant 
the star is stable

Answer 9

Star is formed when gravity pulls dust and gasses together
Then the star is stable
Then turns into a red giant
Then into a white dwarf

Question 10

what is the earth surface orbit

Answer 10

6400

Question 11

force orbit radius equation

Answer 11

force = 1 divided by orbital radius squared

Question 12

what determines the surface colour of a star

Answer 12

its temperature

Question 13

list the stars from hottest

Answer 13

oh 
be a 
fine 
girl - yellow sun is G2 star 
kiss 
me

Question 14

difference between plants and stars

Answer 14

Stars generate their own light while plants only reflect it

Question 15

Commet orbit different from plants

Answer 15

more elliptical and they don’t orbit around the sun in the same plane and directions

Question 16

what are comments made of

Answer 16

Commets are rocky and icy

Question 17

what direction does the tail of dust grow on a commet

Answer 17

away from the sun

Question 18

what does a stable stage of its life mean

Answer 18

the inward pull of the force of gravity is balanced by the outward pull due to the fusion of hydrogen

Question 19

what conditions need to happen for a white dwafrt

Answer 19

the helium has to be fused up and then fusion stops

the outer layer then gets ejected

Question 20

what is the white dwarf

Answer 20

the exposed core that is very hot

Question 21

what happens when it cools down

Answer 21

a black dwarf is formed

Question 22

name 2 similarities between earth and mars

Answer 22

both orbits are elliptical

both orbit round the sun

Question 23

why does earth have the largestest gravitational strength

Answer 23

because it has the largest mass

Question 24

name a difference between mars and earth

Answer 24

mars is further away from the sun than earth