Review: Hip and Knee Joints

Question 1

true or false: only 1/2 of the fibular head fits into the acetabulum

Answer 1

truethis actually makes it more stable

Question 2

where is the head of the femur not covered with articular cartilage?

Answer 2

the head of the femur is completely covered with articular cartilage, except over the fovea capitis femoris

Question 3

what is the articular surface of the acetabulum?

Answer 3

the lunate surface- this surface is covered in cartilage

Question 4

what covers the floor of the acetabulum?

Answer 4

devoid of cartilage, contains a fibroelastic mass

Question 5

where is the articular capsule of the hip joint thickest

Answer 5

along anterior and upper parts

Question 6

circular fibers along the neck of femur

Answer 6

zona obicularis

Question 7

largest strongest and widest ligament of the hip joint

Answer 7

iliofemoral ligament

Question 8

describe the iliofemoral ligament

Answer 8

NAME?

Question 9

what is the function of the iliofemoral ligament?

Answer 9

check hyperextension and external rotationhelps to maintain erect posture

Question 10

base attached to teh superior ramus of pubis and obturator crestapex blends with iliiofemoral ligament

Answer 10

pubofemoral ligament

Question 11

what is the function of the pubofemoral ligament

Answer 11

check hyperextension, abduction, and external rotation

Question 12

which ligament has a spiral arrangement?

Answer 12

ischiofemoral ligament

Question 13

attached to ody of ischium below and behind acetabulumfibers go up and laterally to attach to the femoral neck below the greater trochanter

Answer 13

ischiofemoral ligament

Question 14

when does the ischiofemoral ligament become tense and what does it protect?

Answer 14

becomes tense during extension of femurchecks hyperextension and internal rotation

Question 15

attached to the fovea capitis by its base to the transverse ligament, covered by synovial membrane

Answer 15

ligament capitis femoris

Question 16

when does the ligament capitis femoris become tense

Answer 16

when the flexed thigh is adducted

Question 17

fibrocartilaginous rim attached to the margin of acetabulum

Answer 17

acetabular labrum-functions to make the opening more narrow

Question 18

continuation of acetabular labrum across the acetabular notch, containing no cartilage cells

Answer 18

transverse acetabular ligament

Question 19

what arteries supply the head of the femur

Answer 19

the retinacular arteries(branches of medial and lateral circumflex arteries from the profunda/deep femoral a.)

Question 20

which type of hip fracture is more likely to lead to necrosis?

Answer 20

subcapital (below head) fracture because it breaks vessels to headthe basal fracture occurs at the base of the neck

Question 21

what is the largest joint in the body?

Answer 21

knee

Question 22

what type of joint is the knee joint

Answer 22

structurally resembles a hinge joint, but allows rotation and gliding movement

Question 23

joint between tibia and femur

Answer 23

hinge joint with rotatory movement possible = condyloid joint

Question 24

joint between patella and femur

Answer 24

plane gliding joint

Question 25

joint between patella and tibia

Answer 25

NOPE

Question 26

what encloses the patella

Answer 26

quadriceps tendon

Question 27

from patella to tuberosity of tibia

Answer 27

patellar ligament

Question 28

extends from lateral epicondyle of femur to head of fibula

Answer 28

lateral collateral ligament/fibular collateral ligament

Question 29

covered by tendon of biceps femoris

Answer 29

LCL

Question 30

not attached to lateral meniscus =firmly attached to medial meniscus =

Answer 30

LCLMCL

Question 31

tendon of the popliteus is _________ to the LCL

Answer 31

deep

Question 32

found on both sides of the LCL

Answer 32

biceps tendon divides to go on both side of the LCL ligament

Question 33

extends from medial epicondyle of femur below the adductor tubercle to the medial surface of the tibia

Answer 33

MCL/tibial collateral ligament

Question 34

both collateral ligaments become tight during __________ and stabilize the knee joint

Answer 34

extension

Question 35

the MCL is crossed by tendons of the ________

Answer 35

gracilissemitendious sartorius= pes anserinus

Question 36

the oblique popliteal ligament is an expansion of ...

Answer 36

the tnedon of semimebranosus muscle

Question 37

what is the function of the oblique poplitealligamnet

Answer 37

strengthens the posterior aspect of the joint capsule

Question 38

fibers fo from medial condyle of tibia to lateral condyle of femur

Answer 38

oblique popliteal ligament- forms part of the floor of popliteal fossa and the popliteal vessels rest on it

Question 39

arches medially over tendon of popliteal muscle to attach to intercondylar area of tibia and to the fibular head

Answer 39

arcuate popliteal ligament

Question 40

deep fibers of the capsule attached to the menisci

Answer 40

coronary ligament

Question 41

5 intra-articular ligaments within the capsule with attach tibia to femur

Answer 41

transverse ligamentanterior and posterior meniscofemoralACLposterior cruciate

Question 42

connect the two menisci of knee anteriorly

Answer 42

transverse ligament

Question 43

travel obliquely from the lateral menisci to the medial femoral condyle

Answer 43

anterior and posterior meniscofemoral

Question 44

the cruciate ligaments are named according to their...

Answer 44

tibial attachments

Question 45

from anterior itnerchondral fossa to lateral condyle of femur

Answer 45

ACL

Question 46

what is the purpose of the cruciate ligaments

Answer 46

stop hyperextension at the knee

Question 47

which cruciate is longer?

Answer 47

ACL but also weaker

Question 48

from posterior interchondral fossa to the medial condyle of femur

Answer 48

stops hyperflexion at the knee

Question 49

C-shaped lamellae of fibrocartilage that are interposed between femoral and tibial condyles and attached to tibial condyles

Answer 49

mesinisci of knee joint

Question 50

function of the menisci of knee

Answer 50

deepen the articular surfaces

Question 51

what is the blood supply to the knee joint

Answer 51

middle genicular artery penetrates the capsule and supplies intercondylar structures

Question 52

synovial fluid escapes into popliteal fossa

Answer 52

bakers cyst

Question 53

most common knee injury

Answer 53

ligament sprain

Question 54

unhappy triad cause

Answer 54

hit on lateral knee

Question 55

damaged structures in unhappy triad

Answer 55

MCLmedial meniscusACL

Question 56

positive anterior drawer test

Answer 56

ACL tear

Question 57

skiing accident v. car accident

Answer 57

skiing more likely ACLcar more likely PCL

Question 58

positive posterior drawer test

Answer 58

PCL tear

Question 59

genu varum

Answer 59

bow leg (decreased Q angle)

Question 60

genu valgus

Answer 60

knock knee (increased Q angle)

Question 61

how many of the 12 bursae around the knee joiint communicate with the knee joint

Answer 61

four