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Anatomy 6 > 55: Brachial Plexus > Flashcards

55: Brachial Plexus Flashcards

1
Q

Randy Travis Drinks Cold Beer

A

Roots Trunks Divisions Cords Branches

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2
Q

roots of plexus

A

C5-T1

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3
Q

upper trunk

A

C5 + C6

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4
Q

middle trunk

A

C7

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5
Q

lower trunk

A

C8 + T1

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6
Q

clinical importance of anterior and posterior divisions

A

correlate directly to innervation of anterior (flexor) and posterior (extensor) compartments

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7
Q

posterior cord

A

all 3 posterior divisions united

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8
Q

lateral cord

A

anterior division of upper and middle trunk (C5-7)

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9
Q

medial cord

A

anterior division of lower trunk

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10
Q

the cords are named for their relationship to the …

A

axillary a.

medial cord is medial to it
lateral cord is lateral to it
posterior cord is posterior to it

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11
Q

terminal branches of posterior cord

A

axillary n. and radial n.

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12
Q

median n.

A

medial and lateral cords both send a contribution

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13
Q

terminal branch of lateral cord

A

musculocutaneous n.

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14
Q

terminal branch of medial cord

A

ulnar n.

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15
Q

dorsal scapular n.

A

from C5 root

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16
Q

long thoracic n.

A

from C5-7 roots

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17
Q

upper trunk (roots)

A

C5-6

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18
Q

suprascapular n.

A

from upper trunk

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19
Q

n. to subclavius

A

from upper trunk

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20
Q

branches off of the divisions

A

NONE

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21
Q

lateral cord (roots)

A

C5-7

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22
Q

lateral pectoral n.

A

off of the lateral cord (C5-7)

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23
Q

posterior cord (roots)

A

C5-8

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24
Q

upper subscapular n.

A

from posterior cord (C5-6)

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25
Q

thoracodorsal n. (aka middle subscapular)

A

from posterior cord (C6-8)

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26
Q

lower subscapular n.

A

from posterior cord (C5-6)

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27
Q

medial cord (roots)

A

C8- T1

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28
Q

medial pectoral n.

A

from medial cord (C8-T1)

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29
Q

medial brachial cutaneous n.

A

from medial cord (C8-T1)

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30
Q

medial antebrachial cutaneous n.

A

from medial cord (C8-T1)

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31
Q

axillary n.

A

one of two terminal branches of posterior cord

C5-C6

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32
Q

radial n.

A

one of two terminal branches of posterior cord

C5-C8

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33
Q

musculocutaneous n.

A

one of two terminal branches of lateral cord

C5-C7

34
Q

median n.

A

a terminal branch of lateral and medial cord

C6- T1

35
Q

“center of M”

A

median n.

36
Q

ulnar n.

A

one of two terminal branches of the medial cord

C8-T1

37
Q

superior lateral cutaneous n. of the arm

A

off of axillary n.

38
Q

inferior lateral brachial cutaneous n.

A

off of radial n. (C5-6)

39
Q

posterior brachial cutaneous n.

A

off of radial n. (C5-C8)

40
Q

posterior antebrachial cutaneous n.

A

off of radial n. (C5-8)

41
Q

superficial branch of radial n (C6-8) —>

A

lateral dorsum and lateral thenar area of hand

42
Q

lateral antebrachial cutaneous n.

A

C6-7

branch off of musculocutaneous n.

43
Q

cutaneous branch of median n. (C6-8) –>

A

palmar surface of lateral three digits and fingertips, lateral palm

44
Q

dorsal branch of ulnar n. (C8-T1) —>

A

palmar and dorsal surface of medial hand and medial two digits

45
Q

sensory and motor deficits that follow a dermatomal and myotomal pattern are generally due to injuries…

A

to the roots or trunks of the brachial plexus as a result of trauma to the neck

46
Q

deficits that follow the distribution of peripheral nn are generally due to injuries of the….

A

terminal branches of the brachial plexus as a result of trauma to the upper limb

47
Q

myotomes invade upper limb in a …

A

proximal to distal sequence

48
Q

abduction of the shoulder

A

C5

49
Q

flexion of elbow

A

C5

50
Q

extension of wrist

A

C6

51
Q

flexion of wrist, extension of fingers

A

C7

52
Q

extension of elbow

A

C7-C8

53
Q

why is C7 a critical injury location?

A

functional C7 necessary to get in/out wheelchair

54
Q

flexion of fingers

A

C8

55
Q

abduction/adduction of fingers

A

T1

56
Q

biceps reflex

A

C5

57
Q

brachioradialis reflexx

A

C6

58
Q

triceps reflex

A

C7

59
Q

dermatomes invade the upper limb in a…

A

preaxial-postaxial sequence

preaxial = lateral
postaxial = medial
60
Q

shoulder

A

C5

61
Q

tip of thumb

A

C6

62
Q

where do you do dermatome testing for C7?

A

too variable to test

63
Q

tip of 5th digit

A

C8

64
Q

medial forearm at cubital region

A

T1

65
Q

lateral aspect of deltoid

A

tests cutaneous nerves off of axillary n.

66
Q

lateral forearm

A

tests cutaneous nerves off of musculocutaneous n.

67
Q

dorsum of webbing between thumb and index finger

A

tests cutaneous nerves off of radial n.

68
Q

tip of index finger

A

tests cutaneous nerves off of median n.

69
Q

medial tip of fifth digit

A

tests cutaneous nerves off of ulnar n.

70
Q

erb-duchenne palsy is a lesion of which roots?

A

C5-C6 (upper plexus injury)

71
Q

paralysis of abductors and lateral rotators of shoulder

A

loss of suprascapular and axillary n. associated with erb-duchenne palsy

72
Q

paralysis of elbow flexors and forearm supinators

A

loss of musculocutaneous n. associated with erb-duchenne palsy

73
Q

“waiter’s tip”

A

erb-duchenne palsy

loss and wasting of deltoid muscle, arm hangs at side.
internal rotation of arm
pronation at forearm (loss of biceps)
sensory loss at shoulder and lateral arm and forearm (c5-6 dermatomes)

74
Q

“stap hangers syndrome”

A

klumpke paralysis

75
Q

lesion associated with klumpke paralysis

A

C8-T1 roots (lower plexus injury)

impacts lower trunk, loss of ulnar nerve and weakness in median n.

76
Q

“claw hand”

A

klumpke paralysis

loss and weakness of ulnar forearm flexors, pronators and all intrinsic hand muscles

muscle wasting, especially flexor carpi ulnaris, ulnar half of flexor digitorum profundus and all intrinsic hand muscles

77
Q

why is the hand in full claw positon?

A

function of long flexors innervated by the median n., tonus of extensors, and loss of lumbricals which result in flexion at the IP joints but extension at the MCP joint

78
Q

what sensory loss is associated with klumpke paralysis?

A

loss to medial forearm and hand (c8-t1 dermatomes)

79
Q

Horner syndrome (can be with klumpke paralysis)

A

disruption of the rami communicantes from T1 to the sympathetic chain

miosis (pupil constriction due to unopposed parasymp)
ptosis (loss of superior tarsal m.)
anhydrosis

80
Q

thoracic outlet syndrome

A

constriction of narrow area between first rib, clavicle and scalene muscles through which neurovasculature to upper limb passes

C8 and T1 are most involved

pain, numbness, muscle weakness, edema, muscle fatigue and cold skin

Anatomy 6 (8 decks)

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