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study sets > review from mrs.kayla > Flashcards

review from mrs.kayla Flashcards

1
Q

if you have a patient w/ coronary artery disease that is presenting w/ chest pain, what type of focus assessment are you going to do?

A

assess the characteristic of the chest pain

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2
Q

patient had a PTCA, what are the discharge instructions?

A

-avoid prolonged sitting for long periods of time
-expect to see a bruise at the catheter site for 3 weeks
-take a shower and take off the tegaderm
-avoid baths for at least 10 days
-report s&s of infection

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3
Q

which nursing actions would be greatest importance in a management of a client preparing for a angioplasty?

A

-withhold anticoagulant therapy

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4
Q

what labs should the nurse monitor when a client is taking oral anticoagulant?

A

-aPTT
-PT
-INR

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5
Q

what is the primary purpose of using a beta adrenergic blocker?

A

-decrease workload of the heart

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6
Q

how long should a nitroglycerin patch be worn?

A

12 - 14 hrs

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7
Q

what type of medication would you expect somebody that has Afib to be on?

A

-anticoagulant

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8
Q

if you had a patient prescribed a new BP medication, what is something important you want to teach them?

A

-rise slow, because can cause adverse reaction which is dizziness

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9
Q

what is a predisposing condition for secondary hypertension?

A

-kidney disease, a tumor f the adrenal medulla, hyperaldosteron, arthroscerlosis, use of cocaine, and use of oral contraceptives

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10
Q

what organ regulates arterial blood pressure?

A

-Kidney

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11
Q

if you are about to shock somebody, what are you going to do?

A

-Step away from the patient and yell “CLEAR”

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12
Q

if you have a patient coming in w/ chest pain they have them on the monitor and have a ventricular arrhythmia. What do you want in the room?

A

-defibrillator

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13
Q

you have a patients in the ER, they have a HR 34, anxious, what medication?

A

-atropine sulfate

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14
Q

the pacemaker is the treatment of choice for which cardiac dysrrythmia

A

-heart block

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15
Q

what procedure would be recommended if drug therapy was ineffective?

A

-elective cardioversion

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16
Q

if you have a patient returning to the floor after having an open heart surgery , what might they have?

A

-transthoracic pacemaker

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17
Q

before you give any antiarrhymic medication, what are you going to access?

A

-pulse

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18
Q

what assessment is the most significant finding suggestive of an aortic anuerysim ?

A

N/A

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19
Q

what nursing diagnosis would be the best for patient that have Raynaud?

A

-acute pain

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20
Q

enzyme that will elevate 2 hours after the onset chest pain due to acute MI?

A

-myoglobin

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21
Q

if you are taking care of a patient who is post varicose vein surgery, what teaching measure would you include?

A

-exercise & stockings

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22
Q

the nurse is caring for a client that is status post vein stripping, what would the nurse monitor for the client?

A

-swelling on the operative leg

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23
Q

what symptoms, what assessment data given by the client would prompt you to notify the physician or stress that they go to the ER to see the physician?

A

-fatigue, headache, insomnia, blurred vision

24
Q

which nursing consideration is priority for diazoxide IV?

A

-continous blood pressure monitoring

25
Q

what could cause a spike in the blood pressure?

A

-coffee, smoking

26
Q

if you had a client that need to be on a low sodium diet, what would you ask the client?

A

-how do you prepare your food?

27
Q

what ethnic groups have a higher risk for high blood pressure at an early age?

A

-african american

28
Q

what happens if you leave blood pressure (hypertension) untreated?

A

-STROKE and kidney failure

29
Q

A client w/ left sided heart failure?

A

-pink frothy sputum, crackles (impaired gas exchange)

30
Q

how do you assess impaired renal perfusion?

A
  • elevated BUN & serum creatinine
31
Q

you got an order for a diuretic and the patient is debilitated, what do you think is going to ordered?

A
  • a foley
32
Q

what diseases contribute to chronic heart failure?

A

-renal failure, hypertension, cardiomyopathy, tachyarrhythmias, valvular disease

33
Q

digitalis, in older adults, what are they at risk for?

A

-increase risk for toxicity

34
Q

how do you measure an ejection function?

A

-echocardiogram

35
Q

4 classes of heart failure

A

class 1 (mild)
class 2 (mild)
class 3 (moderate)
class 4 (severe)

36
Q

you have a patient who has had an MI in the left ventricles , they develop crackles bilaterally, S3 heart sound, pink frothy sputum, cough

A

-left side of heart failure

37
Q

if the client is experiencing orthopnea, what question, are you going to obtain?

A

-inability to breath unless sitting down

38
Q

what is an early sign of heart failure?

A

-dyspnea on exertion

39
Q

what type of diet should a patient w/ heart failure have?

A

-low sodium

40
Q

digoxin, would assess the apical pulse for one minute, if its less than 60 bpm

A

-hold it

41
Q

you are giving furosemide to somebody w/ heart failure, what lab should you monitor ?

A

-serum potassium normal level is 3.5

42
Q

what type of medication is Captopril?

A

-ACE inhibitor

43
Q

why do we give stool softeners to people who have surgery?

A

-to prevent straining, prevent wounds from opening, prevent valsalva maneuver

44
Q

heart failure we ask them to take daily weight, when should they call the dr?

A

-if they gain more that 2lb in 24 hrs

45
Q

why do older adults have an increase risk for bad outcomes in surgeries?

A

-they have comorbidities in addition due to their cardiac problems

46
Q

if you cant palpate peripheral pulses, what should you do?

A

-use a doppler ultrasound

47
Q

post of bypass or CAD what is a nursing intervention you can do to reduce wound dehiscence?

A

-splinting

48
Q

after heart surgery patient have to refrain from lifting pushing, pulling how much and how long?

A

-10 LB and 6 to 12 weeks

49
Q

what is a nurisng intervention you could do with a patient who has difficult breathing, cough up stuff?

A

-elevate the bed

50
Q

a patient had a cardiovascular surgery, they’re in pain 8 out of 10, what intervention would you do to provide good pain contrQRol

A

-PCA pump
-administering pain medication before it becomes to severe
-give a non narcotic medication between medication

51
Q

what are safety considerations we would use cautiously w/ ondansetron

A

-do not use if the client has a heart block or prolonged QT intervals
-increased sedation if used with opiates
-emphasize prevention must take consistently to prevent nausea & vomiting

52
Q

hypovolemia related to prolong vomiting and decrease intake of oral fluids what are nurisng activities we want to include in their plan of care?

A

-skin turgor and mucous membrane
-monitor weight

53
Q

what is dumping syndrome?

A

-occurs 90 minutes or less after eating
-weakness, dizziness, palpitations, sweating, abdominal cramps, and diarrhea

54
Q

hiatal hernia what lifestyle modifications should they have

A

-eliminate tobacco use

55
Q

pt has GERD how would you tell them to reduce it?

A
  • eat small frequent meals
    -chew food slow and throughly
    -avoid alcohol & tobacco
    -remain upright for at least 2 hours after meals

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