review from mrs.kayla

Question 1

if you have a patient w/ coronary artery disease that is presenting w/ chest pain, what type of focus assessment are you going to do?

Answer 1

assess the characteristic of the chest pain

Question 2

patient had a PTCA, what are the discharge instructions?

Answer 2

-avoid prolonged sitting for long periods of time
-expect to see a bruise at the catheter site for 3 weeks
-take a shower and take off the tegaderm
-avoid baths for at least 10 days
-report s&s of infection

Question 3

which nursing actions would be greatest importance in a management of a client preparing for a angioplasty?

Answer 3

-withhold anticoagulant therapy

Question 4

what labs should the nurse monitor when a client is taking oral anticoagulant?

Answer 4

-aPTT
-PT
-INR

Question 5

what is the primary purpose of using a beta adrenergic blocker?

Answer 5

-decrease workload of the heart

Question 6

how long should a nitroglycerin patch be worn?

Answer 6

12 - 14 hrs

Question 7

what type of medication would you expect somebody that has Afib to be on?

Answer 7

-anticoagulant

Question 8

if you had a patient prescribed a new BP medication, what is something important you want to teach them?

Answer 8

-rise slow, because can cause adverse reaction which is dizziness

Question 9

what is a predisposing condition for secondary hypertension?

Answer 9

-kidney disease, a tumor f the adrenal medulla, hyperaldosteron, arthroscerlosis, use of cocaine, and use of oral contraceptives

Question 10

what organ regulates arterial blood pressure?

Answer 10

-Kidney

Question 11

if you are about to shock somebody, what are you going to do?

Answer 11

-Step away from the patient and yell “CLEAR”

Question 12

if you have a patient coming in w/ chest pain they have them on the monitor and have a ventricular arrhythmia. What do you want in the room?

Answer 12

-defibrillator

Question 13

you have a patients in the ER, they have a HR 34, anxious, what medication?

Answer 13

-atropine sulfate

Question 14

the pacemaker is the treatment of choice for which cardiac dysrrythmia

Answer 14

-heart block

Question 15

what procedure would be recommended if drug therapy was ineffective?

Answer 15

-elective cardioversion

Question 16

if you have a patient returning to the floor after having an open heart surgery , what might they have?

Answer 16

-transthoracic pacemaker

Question 17

before you give any antiarrhymic medication, what are you going to access?

Answer 17

-pulse

Question 18

what assessment is the most significant finding suggestive of an aortic anuerysim ?

Answer 18

N/A

Question 19

what nursing diagnosis would be the best for patient that have Raynaud?

Answer 19

-acute pain

Question 20

enzyme that will elevate 2 hours after the onset chest pain due to acute MI?

Answer 20

-myoglobin

Question 21

if you are taking care of a patient who is post varicose vein surgery, what teaching measure would you include?

Answer 21

-exercise & stockings

Question 22

the nurse is caring for a client that is status post vein stripping, what would the nurse monitor for the client?

Answer 22

-swelling on the operative leg

Question 23

what symptoms, what assessment data given by the client would prompt you to notify the physician or stress that they go to the ER to see the physician?

Answer 23

-fatigue, headache, insomnia, blurred vision

Question 24

which nursing consideration is priority for diazoxide IV?

Answer 24

-continous blood pressure monitoring

Question 25

what could cause a spike in the blood pressure?

Answer 25

-coffee, smoking

Question 26

if you had a client that need to be on a low sodium diet, what would you ask the client?

Answer 26

-how do you prepare your food?

Question 27

what ethnic groups have a higher risk for high blood pressure at an early age?

Answer 27

-african american

Question 28

what happens if you leave blood pressure (hypertension) untreated?

Answer 28

-STROKE and kidney failure

Question 29

A client w/ left sided heart failure?

Answer 29

-pink frothy sputum, crackles (impaired gas exchange)

Question 30

how do you assess impaired renal perfusion?

Answer 30

- elevated BUN & serum creatinine

Question 31

you got an order for a diuretic and the patient is debilitated, what do you think is going to ordered?

Answer 31

- a foley

Question 32

what diseases contribute to chronic heart failure?

Answer 32

-renal failure, hypertension, cardiomyopathy, tachyarrhythmias, valvular disease

Question 33

digitalis, in older adults, what are they at risk for?

Answer 33

-increase risk for toxicity

Question 34

how do you measure an ejection function?

Answer 34

-echocardiogram

Question 35

4 classes of heart failure

Answer 35

class 1 (mild) class 2 (mild) class 3 (moderate) class 4 (severe)

Question 36

you have a patient who has had an MI in the left ventricles , they develop crackles bilaterally, S3 heart sound, pink frothy sputum, cough

Answer 36

-left side of heart failure

Question 37

if the client is experiencing orthopnea, what question, are you going to obtain?

Answer 37

-inability to breath unless sitting down

Question 38

what is an early sign of heart failure?

Answer 38

-dyspnea on exertion

Question 39

what type of diet should a patient w/ heart failure have?

Answer 39

-low sodium

Question 40

digoxin, would assess the apical pulse for one minute, if its less than 60 bpm

Answer 40

-hold it

Question 41

you are giving furosemide to somebody w/ heart failure, what lab should you monitor ?

Answer 41

-serum potassium normal level is 3.5

Question 42

what type of medication is Captopril?

Answer 42

-ACE inhibitor

Question 43

why do we give stool softeners to people who have surgery?

Answer 43

-to prevent straining, prevent wounds from opening, prevent valsalva maneuver

Question 44

heart failure we ask them to take daily weight, when should they call the dr?

Answer 44

-if they gain more that 2lb in 24 hrs

Question 45

why do older adults have an increase risk for bad outcomes in surgeries?

Answer 45

-they have comorbidities in addition due to their cardiac problems

Question 46

if you cant palpate peripheral pulses, what should you do?

Answer 46

-use a doppler ultrasound

Question 47

post of bypass or CAD what is a nursing intervention you can do to reduce wound dehiscence?

Answer 47

-splinting

Question 48

after heart surgery patient have to refrain from lifting pushing, pulling how much and how long?

Answer 48

-10 LB and 6 to 12 weeks

Question 49

what is a nurisng intervention you could do with a patient who has difficult breathing, cough up stuff?

Answer 49

-elevate the bed

Question 50

a patient had a cardiovascular surgery, they're in pain 8 out of 10, what intervention would you do to provide good pain contrQRol

Answer 50

-PCA pump -administering pain medication before it becomes to severe -give a non narcotic medication between medication

Question 51

what are safety considerations we would use cautiously w/ ondansetron

Answer 51

-do not use if the client has a heart block or prolonged QT intervals -increased sedation if used with opiates -emphasize prevention must take consistently to prevent nausea & vomiting

Question 52

hypovolemia related to prolong vomiting and decrease intake of oral fluids what are nurisng activities we want to include in their plan of care?

Answer 52

-skin turgor and mucous membrane -monitor weight

Question 53

what is dumping syndrome?

Answer 53

-occurs 90 minutes or less after eating -weakness, dizziness, palpitations, sweating, abdominal cramps, and diarrhea

Question 54

hiatal hernia what lifestyle modifications should they have

Answer 54

-eliminate tobacco use

Question 55

pt has GERD how would you tell them to reduce it?

Answer 55

- eat small frequent meals -chew food slow and throughly -avoid alcohol & tobacco -remain upright for at least 2 hours after meals