Review Chapter 1 - The Science of Biology Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
1
Q

What is science?

A

An organized way of using evidence to learn about the natural world

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the 3 goals of science?

A
  1. ) To investigate & understand the natural world
  2. ) To explain events in the natural world
  3. ) To make useful predictions from those explanations
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are the steps of the scientific method?

A

Observation, Question, Hypothesis, Plan an experiment, Collect & analyze data, and Draw conclusions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Quantitative data is _______.

A

Numerical

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Qualitative data is _______.

A

Characteristics (The 5 senses)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

An observation is a(n) _______.

A

Fact

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

An inference is a(n) _________.

A

Conclusion based on facts with the addition of logic and or reason.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

The deliberately changed variable in an experiment is the ___________.

A

Independent of manipulated variable

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

The variable that is observed is the __________.

A

Dependent or responding variable

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

The variable that changes in response to the manipulated variable is the ______.

A

Dependent or responding variable

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is a standard for comparison in a scientific experiment?

A

A control

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Quantities that don’t change during a controlled test of the hypothesis are called _______.

A

Constants

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

A _______ experiment is an experiment in which only one variable is changed at a time.

A

Controlled or scientific

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

A proposed scientific explanation for a set of observations is called a ______.

A

Hypothesis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Spontaneous generation is __________.

A

The idea that life could arise form nonliving matter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Name 4 scientists that studied spontaneous generation.

A

Redi, Spallanzani, Needham, & Pasteur

17
Q

Describe Pasteur’s experiment.

A

He had a curved-necked glass that allowed in air, but not microorganisms, and none appeared until, after a year, he broke off the necks.

18
Q

Describe Redi’s experiment.

A

He had covered & uncovered jars with meat & counted the maggots.

19
Q

Describe Spallanzani’s experiment.

A

He heated a flask of gravy (longer than Needham) and sealed it. No microorganisms grew.

20
Q

Describe Needham’s experiment.

A

He heated gravy and sealed it, but there were still microorganisms. He didn’t heat it enough.

21
Q

What is the name for a hypothesis that has been tested and supported many times?

A

Theory

22
Q

Name the 8 characteristics of living things.

A
  1. ) Made of cells
  2. ) Change over time
  3. ) Reproduce
  4. ) Respond to their surroundings
  5. ) Are based on a universal genetic code
  6. ) Grow & develop
  7. ) Obtain and use materials and energy
  8. ) Work towards and maintain homeostasis
23
Q

Name the 10 themes of biology.

A
  1. ) Homeostasis
  2. ) Science as a way of knowing
  3. ) Interdependence in nature
  4. ) Matter & energy
  5. ) Cellular basis of life
  6. ) Information & heredity
  7. ) Unity & diversity of life
  8. ) Evolution
  9. ) Structure & function
  10. ) Science, technology, & society
24
Q

Botany

A

Plants

25
Q

Zoology

A

Animals

26
Q

Ichthyology

A

Fish

27
Q

Biology

A

Life

28
Q

Cytology

A

Cells

29
Q

Herpetology

A

Reptiles & amphibians

30
Q

Paleontology

A

Fossils

31
Q

Genetics

A

Heredity

32
Q

Taxonomy

A

Classification of organisms