Atomic Structure

Question 1

Where are electrons found?

Answer 1

The electron cloud

Question 2

How many electrons are in an element

Answer 2

The number of protons, or atomic number

Question 3

Where are protons found?

Answer 3

Nucleus

Question 4

Where are neutrons found?

Answer 4

Nucleus

Question 5

Where is the nucleus located?

Answer 5

Center of atom

Question 6

What is the basic unit of matter?

Answer 6

Atoms

Question 7

Atoms are _______ because they have equal amounts of protons and electrons.

Answer 7

Neutral

Question 8

Which atomic model shows electrons in energy levels around the nucleus?

Answer 8

The Bohr Model

Question 9

How many electrons can the first energy level hold?

Answer 9

2

Question 10

How many electrons can the second energy level hold?

Answer 10

8

Question 11

How many electrons can the third energy level hold?

Answer 11

18

Question 12

What is the current atomic model?

Answer 12

The Electron Cloud Model

Question 13

Electrons in the outer energy shell

Answer 13

Valance electrons

Question 14

Atoms of the same element with different numbers of protons

Answer 14

Isotopes

Question 15

The mass number of an element is ______.

Answer 15

A weighted average based on the abundance of each isotope in nature

Question 16

Name 3 uses for radioactive isotopes.

Answer 16

Radioactive isotopes are useful for establishing the ages of various objects. The half-life of radioactive isotopes is unaffected by any environmental factors, so the isotope acts like an internal clock.

The radiation emitted by some radioactive substances can be used to kill microorganisms on a variety of foodstuffs, which extends the shelf life of these products. Produce such as tomatoes, mushrooms, sprouts, and berries are irradiated with the emissions from cobalt-60 or cesium-137. This exposure kills a lot of the bacteria that cause spoilage, so the produce stays fresh longer. Eggs and some meat, such as beef, pork, and poultry, can also be irradiated. Contrary to the belief of some people, irradiation of food does not make the food itself radioactive.

Smoke detectors

Question 17

What is a radioactive isotope?

Answer 17

Radioactive isotopes or radioisotopes are naturally or artificially created isotopes of chemical elements that have a very unstable nucleus. These products emit rays like alpha, beta and gamma rays. After the nucleus splits, it decays and forms a different atom having different number of protons.