Review Cards

Question 1

What are two types of phospholipids?

Answer 1

Glycerophospholipids

Sphingolipids

Question 2

What are glycolipids?

Answer 2

Sugar containing lipids derived from sphingosine

Not phospholipids

E.g. cerebroside

Question 3

What are the functions of eicosanoids made from omega 6 fatty acids?

Answer 3

Inflammatory functions

Question 4

What are the functions of eicosanoids made from omega 3 fatty acids?

Answer 4

Anti-inflammatory functions

Question 5

What two enzymes must be present for ketone body formation?

Answer 5

HMG-CoA synthase

HMG-CoA lyase

Question 6

How are ketone bodies formed?

Answer 6

Acetoacetyl-CoA and acetyl CoA are condensed to form HMG

HMG is split, yielding acetoacetate

Question 7

What organ is responsible for ketone body formation?

Answer 7

Liver

Question 8

How is acetoacetate used by the liver?

Answer 8

Cholesterol synthesis-not very active

Accounts for net production of ketone bodies by the liver

Question 9

How is acetoacetate used by extrahepatic tissues?

Answer 9

Acetoacetate is activated to acetoacetyl-Coa using succinyl-CoA, then broken down to two acetyl-CoA molecules via thiolase

Question 10

How is ketogenesis regulated?

Answer 10

Factors regulating the mobilization of FFA from adipose tissue

Entry of FA’s into B-oxidation–controlled by CPT-1

Increase in fatty acids, increases the amount converted to ketone bodies