Review 3- Lipid Metabolism

Question 1

What enzyme is responsible for Acetyl CoA to Fatty Acyl-CoA?
What State is this enzyme active

Answer 1

Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase 
Fed State (Insulin)

Question 2

What enzyme is responsible for Acetyl CoA to Cholesterol? When is it active?

Answer 2

HMG-CoA reductase

Feed State

Question 3

What enzyme is responsible for Acetyl-CoA to ketone bodies? What state is this enzyme active?

Answer 3

Succinyl-CoA transferase(absent in liver)

fasting state

Question 4

What enzyme is responsible for fatty acyl-CoA to glucose?

What state is this enzyme active?

Answer 4

Carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1
Fasting state (epinephrine)

Question 5

What is the rate limiting enzyme for Fatty Acid Biosynthesis? What does it do? What cofactor does it need? Is it reversible?

Answer 5

Acetyl CoA carboxylase

• catalyzes the formation of Malonyl CoA from Acetyl CoA
• Biotin-carrrior of activated CO2
• not reversible reaction

Question 6

What is Acetyl CoA carboxylase regulated by?

Answer 6

Activate: Citrate and Insulin
Inhibited: Palmitoyl CoA, Glucagon, Epinephrine